TY  - JOUR
AU  - Friedrich, Florian
AU  - Meleshin, Marat
AU  - Papenkordt, Niklas
AU  - Gaitzsch, Lena
AU  - Prucker, Isabel
AU  - Borso, Marco
AU  - Ruprecht, Jan
AU  - Vorreiter, Christopher
AU  - Rast, Sabrina
AU  - Zhang, Lin
AU  - Schiedel, Matthias
AU  - Sippl, Wolfgang
AU  - Imhof, Axel
AU  - Jessen, Henning J
AU  - Einsle, Oliver
AU  - Schutkowski, Mike
AU  - Jung, Manfred
TI  - From Pharmacophore to Warhead: NAD+-Targeting Triazoles as Mechanism-Based Sirtuin Inhibitors.
JO  - Angewandte Chemie / International edition
VL  - nn
SN  - 1433-7851
CY  - Weinheim
PB  - Wiley-VCH
M1  - DKFZ-2025-02245
SP  - nn
PY  - 2025
N1  - epub / Communication
AB  - Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent lysine deacylases linked to key physiological and disease processes. Here, we report a new class of mechanism-based 1,2,3-triazole inhibitors that hijack SIRT catalysis by forming stalled triazolium- or triazole-ADP-ribose (ADPR) adducts derived from the cofactor NAD+. These trapped adducts inhibit the enzyme without covalent protein modification, prompting us to term the compounds 'Sirtuin Trapping Ligands' (SirTraps). X-ray crystallography and kinetics, together with mass spectrometry confirming adduct formation both in vitro and in cellulo, reveal that the triazole N3 of peptide- and small-molecule-based SirTraps triggers nucleophilic attack at C1' of the nicotinamide riboside moiety of NAD⁺, mimicking the first deacylation step. Adduct formation critically depends on precise triazole positioning within the acyl-lysine channel and can be tuned through scaffold design, enabling potent and isoform-selective inhibition. Unlike thiocarbonyl-based NAD⁺-targeting SIRT inhibitors, which may suffer from instability and off-target effects, SirTraps combine high stability, synthetic accessibility, and structural tunability, while demonstrating nanomolar cellular target engagement confirmed by NanoBRET assays. Beyond SIRTs, this inhibition strategy may extend to other NAD⁺-dependent enzymes, including ADP-ribosyltransferases, opening new avenues for mechanism-driven drug discovery.
KW  - Covalent adduct (Other)
KW  - Drug discovery (Other)
KW  - Inhibitors (Other)
KW  - Sirtuins (Other)
KW  - Triazoles (Other)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:41165483
DO  - DOI:10.1002/anie.202516782
UR  - https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/305586
ER  -