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@ARTICLE{Lewetag:307507,
      author       = {R. D. Lewetag and N. F. Trautwein and M. Zdanyte and J.
                      Mück and P. Krumm and U. M. Lauer$^*$ and S. Singer and B.
                      Sipos and C. la Fougère and L. Zender$^*$ and C.
                      Hinterleitner and M. Hinterleitner},
      title        = {{C}ardiac {M}etastases in {N}euroendocrine {N}eoplasms: {A}
                      {S}ingle-{C}enter {E}xperience of {C}linical
                      {C}haracteristics and {O}utcomes.},
      journal      = {Cancers},
      volume       = {17},
      number       = {24},
      issn         = {2072-6694},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2026-00012},
      pages        = {3907},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Background/Objectives: Cardiac metastases (CM) represent a
                      rare manifestation of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN).
                      Detailed clinical characteristics and significance remain
                      understudied. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 1201
                      patients with NEN treated at an ENETS Center of Excellence
                      to determine prevalence, clinical features, and outcomes of
                      cardiac metastases. CM were identified in 15 patients
                      (prevalence $1.25\%)$ through multimodal imaging,
                      incorporating somatostatin receptor positron emission
                      tomography/computed tomography (SSTR PET/CT). Metachronous
                      CM occurrence accounted for $93\%$ of cases. Results: The
                      majority of patients showed well-differentiated tumors
                      (G1/G2), with ileum being the most frequent site of origin.
                      Clinical symptoms attributable to CM were observed in $27\%$
                      of affected patients. Following CM detection, therapeutic
                      management was adjusted in $73\%$ of cases, most frequently
                      by initiating peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) n
                      = 8, $53\%.$ Median overall survival (OS) from CM diagnosis
                      was 95 months, with an estimated 5-year survival rate of
                      $77\%,$ with a 5-year OS from NEN diagnosis of $87\%.$
                      Conclusions: CM in NEN are rare and often clinically silent,
                      with SSTR PET/CT proving essential for detection. While
                      treatment adjustments were frequently observed, particularly
                      with PRRT, OS remained favorable, indicating that the
                      presence of CM in NEN serves as an indicator of metastatic
                      spread rather than a standalone diagnostic determinant of
                      survival. Larger, prospective studies are needed to further
                      validate these findings and to better define the clinical
                      implications of CM in NEN.},
      keywords     = {cardiac metastasis (Other) / neuroendocrine neoplasm
                      (Other) / peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT)
                      (Other) / positron emission tomography (PET/CT) (Other) /
                      somatostatin receptor imaging (Other)},
      cin          = {TU01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)TU01-20160331},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:41463158},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC12730557},
      doi          = {10.3390/cancers17243907},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/307507},
}