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Applying Computer Vision methods to surgical applications faces many challenges such as small datasets, strong reflections and deformations, limited field of view and notably, many relevant tasks requiring video data. Due to the complexity of video as a data modality, however, video-based methods in the general Computer Vision domains are often developed under relaxed conditions and are not directly applicable to surgical settings. [...]

IntroductionRobot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) is a complex procedure that may benefit from workflow analysis for context-aware assistance and surgical data science. This study aimed to model the RAMIE workflow, validate the applicability of the obtained workflow model in the operating room (OR) and retrospectively assess its generalizability across three academic centers using video data and automated workflow analysis with machine learning (ML).MethodsA RAMIE workflow model was developed based on currently available literature, participatory OR observation, and expert interviews. [...]

Purpose: Robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery relies on endoscopic video as the sole intraoperative visual feedback. The DaVinci Xi system overlays a graphical user interface (UI) that indicates the state of each robotic arm, including the activation of the endoscope arm. [...]

Esophageal adenocarcinoma is a prominent example of cancer characterized by frequent amplifications in oncogenes. However, the mechanisms leading to amplicons that involve breakage-fusion-bridge cycles and extrachromosomal DNA are poorly understood. [...]

The development of cancer is an evolutionary process involving the sequential acquisition of genetic alterations that disrupt normal biological processes, enabling tumor cells to rapidly proliferate and eventually invade and metastasize to other tissues. We investigated the genomic evolution of prostate cancer through the application of three separate classification methods, each designed to investigate a different aspect of tumor evolution [...]

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy for which allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) often remains the only curative therapeutic approach. However, incapability of T cells to recognize and eliminate residual leukemia stem cells might lead to an insufficient graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect and relapse [...]

Enterococcus faecalis is a versatile lactic acid bacterium with a large variety of implications for humans. While some strains of this species are pathobionts being resistant against most of the common antibiotics, other strains are regarded as biological protectants or even probiotics. [...]