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The migrant and refugee population in Germany continued to grow over the past few years, reaching a record high in 2024. As the second top destination, just after the United States, Germany has yet to incorporate professional interpretation into its healthcare system to overcome language barriers. [...]

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling is a highly pleiotropic pathway with an important role in development, homeostasis, and cancer. Chromatin regulators contribute to the regulation of TGF-β-responsive transcription. [...]

Although pancreatic cancer is generally refractory to immune checkpoint blockade, recent studies of tumor-infiltrating T cells in human tumor samples demonstrated the presence of in vivo expanded, tumor-reactive T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes. Here, we explored the T cell repertoire in a murine pancreatic cancer model by combining single-cell transcriptomics with functional TCR characterization. [...]

Swedish nationwide family and cancer data offer the largest global resource for study of familial cancer. We focus here on familial risks in prostate cancer (PC) with questions on risk in individuals from families of multiple affected members and association of familial risk with metastatic disease and survival.Familial relative risk of PC was estimated using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for second-generation men with a father or brother affected with PC, considering distinct groups by number and type of affected relatives.Familial SIRs ranged from 2.22 (2 brothers with PC) to 11.5 (≥5 brothers with PC). [...]

Dermoscopy is a standard of care for melanoma diagnostics, and artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly investigated as decision-support tools. Prospective evidence is essential to assess their performance compared to dermatologists.To evaluate the diagnostic performance of dermatologists, AI systems, and dermatologists assisted by AI in prospective studies of melanoma detection, and to assess the readiness of AI for clinical use.PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from inception through July 9, 2025.Eligible studies were prospective, used dermoscopic images, and reported or allowed calculation of performance metrics for dermatologists, AI, or dermatologists assisted by AI against a histopathologic reference standard. [...]

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of cortical and spinal motor neurons. Mendelian germline mutations often cause familial ALS (fALS) but only approximately 10% of sporadic ALS cases (sALS). [...]

The developmental context in which genetic alterations occur is crucial to understand disease progression. In pediatric cancer, modeling tumor formation in the right cell type is necessary to faithfully recapitulate the unique nature of pediatric tumors. [...]