In process

The visual environment is a fundamental yet unquantified determinant of mental health. While the concept of the environmental exposome is well-established, current methods rely on coarse geospatial proxies or biased self-reports, failing to capture the first-person visual context of daily life. [...]

To better characterize the therapeutic benefits of the addition of carboplatin to anthracycline- and taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), we performed a pooled analysis of three randomized clinical trials: BrighTNess (NCT02032277), CALGB 40603 (NCT00861705), and GeparSixto (NCT01426880).We evaluated the impact of the addition of carboplatin to NACT on pathologic complete response (pCR) rates, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS) across a combined total of 1,084 patients. We additionally looked for associations of outcome by germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 (gBRCA) mutation status, eight gene expression signatures, and molecular subtypes (PAM50, MDACC/BCM).In the pooled dataset, the addition of carboplatin to NACT was associated with a higher pCR rate (odds ratio = 1.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.41-2.55, p < 0.001) and improved EFS (hazard ratio = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.54-0.93, p = 0.01), but not OS. [...]

Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) performs pleiotropic and tumor context-dependent functions in cancers of diverse etiologies. In prostate cancer (PCa) cells, LCN2 regulates distinct phenotypic features, including cytoskeleton organization and expression of inflammation mediators. [...]

mAb-based blocking of the immune checkpoints involving the CTLA4-B7 and PD1-PDL1 inhibitory axes enhance T-cell-based adaptive immune responses in patients with cancer. We show here that antitumor responses by natural killer (NK) cells can be enhanced by a checkpoint-blocking mAb, 14-25-9, which we developed against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). [...]

The Ebola Virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP) sterically shields cell-membrane ligands to immune receptors such as human leukocyte antigen class-1 (HLA-I) and MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MICA), thus mediating immunity evasion. It was suggested that the abundant N-glycosylation of the EBOV-GP is involved in this steric shielding. [...]

Despite of remarkable progress made in the head and neck cancer (HNC) therapy, the survival rate of this metastatic disease remain low. Tailoring the appropriate therapy to patients is a major challenge and highlights the unmet need to have a good preclinical model that will predict clinical response. [...]

Environmental conditions greatly shape the phenotype and function of immune cells. Specifically, hypoxic conditions that exist within tissues and organs have been reported to affect both the adaptive and the innate immune system. [...]

The Ebola virus (EBOV) uses evasion mechanisms that directly interfere with host T-cell antiviral responses. By steric shielding of human leukocyte antigen class-1, the Ebola glycoprotein (GP) blocks interaction with T-cell receptors (TCRs), thus rendering T cells unable to attack virus-infected cells. [...]

Neutrophils provide first line of host defense against bacterial infections utilizing glycolysis for their effector functions. How glycolysis and its major byproduct lactate are triggered in bone marrow (BM) neutrophils and their contribution to neutrophil mobilization in acute inflammation is not clear. [...]

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a malignancy of mature B lymphocytes. The microenvironment of the CLL cells is a vital element in the regulation of the survival of these malignant cells. [...]