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@ARTICLE{Harter:126670,
      author       = {P. Harter$^*$ and P. Baumgarten and J. Zinke and K.
                      Schilling and S. Baader and A.-K. Hartmetz and J.
                      Schittenhelm and R. Beschorner and S. Liebner$^*$ and D.
                      Schulte and K.-H. Plate$^*$ and P. Gutwein and A.
                      Korshunov$^*$ and S. Pfister$^*$ and D. Jones$^*$ and K.
                      Doberstein$^*$ and M. Mittelbronn$^*$},
      title        = {{P}aired box gene 8 ({PAX}8) expression is associated with
                      sonic hedgehog ({SHH})/wingless int ({WNT}) subtypes,
                      desmoplastic histology and patient survival in human
                      medulloblastomas.},
      journal      = {Neuropathology $\&$ applied neurobiology},
      volume       = {41},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {0305-1846},
      address      = {Oxford [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2017-02698},
      pages        = {165 - 179},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The paired box gene 8 (PAX8) plays crucial roles in organ
                      patterning and cellular differentiation during development
                      and tumorigenesis. Although its function is partly
                      understood in vertebrate development, there is poor data
                      concerning human central nervous system (CNS) development
                      and brain tumours.We investigated developing human
                      (n = 19) and mouse (n = 3) brains as well as
                      medulloblastomas (MBs) (n = 113) for PAX8 expression by
                      immunohistochemistry. Human MB cell lines were assessed for
                      PAX8 expression using polymerase chain reaction and
                      immunoblotting and analysed for growth and migration
                      following PAX8 knock-down by small interfering ribonucleic
                      acid (siRNA).PAX8 protein expression was associated with
                      germinal layers in human and murine forebrain and hindbrain
                      development. PAX8 expression significantly decreased over
                      time in the external granule cell layer but increased in the
                      internal granule cell layer. In MB subtypes, we observed an
                      association of PAX8 expression with sonic hedgehog (SHH) and
                      wingless int subtypes but not with group 3 and 4 MBs. Beyond
                      that, we detected high PAX8 levels in desmoplastic MB
                      subtypes. Univariate analyses revealed high PAX8 levels as a
                      prognostic factor associated with a significantly better
                      patient prognosis in human MB (overall survival: Log-Rank
                      P = 0.0404, Wilcoxon P = 0.0280; progression-free
                      survival: Log-Rank P = 0.0225; Wilcoxon P = 0.0136).
                      In vitro assays revealed increased proliferation and
                      migration of MB cell lines after PAX8 siRNA knock-down.In
                      summary, high PAX8 expression is linked to better prognosis
                      in MBs potentially by suppressing both proliferative and
                      migratory properties of MB cells. The distinct
                      spatio-temporal expression pattern of PAX8 during brain
                      development might contribute to the understanding of
                      distinct MB subtype histogenesis.},
      keywords     = {Hedgehog Proteins (NLM Chemicals) / PAX8 Transcription
                      Factor (NLM Chemicals) / PAX8 protein, human (NLM Chemicals)
                      / Paired Box Transcription Factors (NLM Chemicals) / RNA,
                      Small Interfering (NLM Chemicals) / SHH protein, human (NLM
                      Chemicals) / Wnt Proteins (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {L101 / L501 / B062 / G380},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)L101-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)L501-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)B062-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)G380-20160331},
      pnm          = {319H - Addenda (POF3-319H)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-319H},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:25287489},
      doi          = {10.1111/nan.12186},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/126670},
}