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@ARTICLE{Eichmller:130774,
      author       = {S. Eichmüller$^*$ and W. Osen$^*$ and O. Mandelboim and B.
                      Seliger},
      title        = {{I}mmune {M}odulatory micro{RNA}s {I}nvolved in {T}umor
                      {A}ttack and {T}umor {I}mmune {E}scape.},
      journal      = {Journal of the National Cancer Institute},
      volume       = {109},
      number       = {10},
      issn         = {1460-2105},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford Univ. Press},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2017-05852},
      pages        = {djx034},
      year         = {2017},
      note         = {Volume 109, Issue 10, October 2017, djx034},
      abstract     = {Current therapies against cancer utilize the patient's
                      immune system for tumor eradication. However, tumor cells
                      can evade immune surveillance of CD8+ T and/or natural
                      killer (NK) cells by various strategies. These include the
                      aberrant expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I
                      antigens, co-inhibitory or costimulatory molecules, and
                      components of the interferon (IFN) signal transduction
                      pathway. In addition, alterations of the tumor
                      microenvironment could interfere with efficient antitumor
                      immune responses by downregulating or inhibiting the
                      frequency and/or functional activity of immune effector
                      cells and professional antigen-presenting cells. Recently,
                      microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as major players in
                      the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression,
                      thereby controlling many physiological and also
                      pathophysiological processes including neoplastic
                      transformation. Indeed, the cellular miRNA expression
                      pattern is frequently altered in many tumors of distinct
                      origin, demonstrating the tumor suppressive or oncogenic
                      potential of miRNAs. Furthermore, there is increasing
                      evidence that miRNAs could also influence antitumor immune
                      responses by affecting the expression of immune modulatory
                      molecules in tumor and immune cells. Apart from their
                      important role in tumor immune escape and altered tumor-host
                      interaction, immune modulatory miRNAs often exert neoplastic
                      properties, thus representing promising targets for future
                      combined immunotherapy approaches. This review focuses on
                      the characterization of miRNAs involved in the regulation of
                      immune surveillance or immune escape of tumors and their
                      potential use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or as
                      therapeutic targets.},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      keywords     = {B7 Antigens (NLM Chemicals) / HLA Antigens (NLM Chemicals)
                      / HLA-G Antigens (NLM Chemicals) / MicroRNAs (NLM Chemicals)
                      / Interferon-gamma (NLM Chemicals)},
      cin          = {G182},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)G182-20160331},
      pnm          = {317 - Translational cancer research (POF3-317)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-317},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:28383653},
      doi          = {10.1093/jnci/djx034},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/130774},
}