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@ARTICLE{Werner:130861,
      author       = {S. Werner$^*$ and H. Chen$^*$ and J. A. Butt$^*$ and A.
                      Michel$^*$ and P. Knebel and B. Holleczek and I. Zörnig$^*$
                      and S. Eichmüller$^*$ and D. Jäger$^*$ and M. Pawlita$^*$
                      and T. Waterboer$^*$ and H. Brenner$^*$},
      title        = {{E}valuation of the diagnostic value of 64 simultaneously
                      measured autoantibodies for early detection of gastric
                      cancer.},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {6},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2017-05939},
      pages        = {25467},
      year         = {2016},
      abstract     = {Autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs)
                      have been suggested as biomarkers for early detection of
                      gastric cancer. However, studies that systematically assess
                      the diagnostic performance of a large number of
                      autoantibodies are rare. Here, we used bead-based multiplex
                      serology to simultaneously measure autoantibody responses
                      against 64 candidate TAAs in serum samples from 329 gastric
                      cancer patients, 321 healthy controls and 124 participants
                      with other diseases of the upper digestive tract. At $98\%$
                      specificity, sensitivities for the 64 tested autoantibodies
                      ranged from $0-12\%$ in the training set and a combination
                      of autoantibodies against five TAAs
                      $(MAGEA4 + CTAG1 + TP53 + ERBB2_C + SDCCAG8)$
                      was able to detect $32\%$ of the gastric cancer patients at
                      a specificity of $87\%$ in the validation set. Sensitivities
                      for early and late stage gastric cancers were similar, while
                      chronic atrophic gastritis, a precursor lesion of gastric
                      cancer, was not detectable. However, the 5-marker
                      combination also detected $26\%$ of the esophageal cancer
                      patients. In conclusion, the tested autoantibodies and
                      combinations alone did not reach sufficient sensitivity for
                      gastric cancer screening. Nevertheless, some autoantibodies,
                      such as anti-MAGEA4, anti-CTAG1 or anti-TP53 and their
                      combinations could possibly contribute to the development of
                      cancer early detection tests (not necessarily restricted to
                      gastric cancer) when being combined with other markers.},
      cin          = {C070 / G110 / L101 / D120 / G010 / F020 / G182},
      ddc          = {000},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)G110-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)L101-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)D120-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)G010-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)F020-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)G182-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Cancer risk factors and prevention (POF3-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:27140836},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC4853774},
      doi          = {10.1038/srep25467},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/130861},
}