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@ARTICLE{Bettinetti:131717,
      author       = {R. Bettinetti and A. Kopp-Schneider$^*$ and D. A. L.
                      Vignati},
      title        = {{T}he {E}uropean water-based environmental quality standard
                      for pentachlorophenol is {NOT} protective of benthic
                      organisms.},
      journal      = {The science of the total environment},
      volume       = {613-614},
      issn         = {0048-9697},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2018-00023},
      pages        = {39 - 45},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Risk management of toxic substances is often based on
                      Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) set for the water
                      compartment, assuming they will also protect benthic
                      organisms. In the absence of experimental data, EQS for
                      sediments can be estimated by the equilibrium partitioning
                      approach. The present study investigates whether this
                      approach is protective of benthic organisms against
                      pentachlorophenol (PCP), a legacy contaminant and EU
                      priority substance still used in some parts of the world.
                      Three freshwater species of invertebrates with different
                      life cycles and feeding behaviors (the oligochaetes
                      Lumbriculus variegatus, Tubifex tubifex and the dipteran
                      insect Chironomus riparius) were exposed to PCP spiked
                      sediments (2.10-46.03mgPCP/kg d.w. plus controls) in
                      laboratory standard tests. Exposure duration was 28days for
                      T. tubifex and L. variegatus and 10 and 28days for C.
                      riparius; according to the corresponding OECD guidelines.
                      For each investigated end-point, dose-response data were
                      normalized to the mean control and fitted to a
                      four-parameter log-logistic model for calculating the
                      corresponding EC50 and EC10. The ranges for EC50 and EC10
                      estimates were 4.39 (Chironomus riparius-emergence)-27.50
                      (Tubifex tubifex-cocoon) and 0.30 (T. tubifex-young worms)
                      -16.70 (T. tubifex-cocoon) mg/kg d.w., respectively. The
                      EC50 and the EC10 values of L. variegatus were within these
                      ranges. Following the EU Technical Guidance for deriving
                      EQS, the lowest EC10 value of 0.30mg/kg (T. tubifex-young
                      worms) resulted in a PCP quality standard (QS) for sediments
                      of 30ng/g, about one fourth of the tentative QS of 119ng/g
                      estimated by the equilibrium partitioning (EqP) approach.
                      The response of benthic biota to PCP varied across organisms
                      and across end-points for the same organism, so that the use
                      of sediment PCP-QS calculated using the EqP-approach may be
                      under-protective of the most sensitive organisms.
                      Information on the possible effects of PCP on resident
                      organisms must therefore be collected for appropriately
                      managing aquatic systems.},
      cin          = {C060},
      ddc          = {333.7},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C060-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Cancer risk factors and prevention (POF3-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:28898810},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.055},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/131717},
}