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@ARTICLE{Weigl:132452,
      author       = {K. Weigl$^*$ and J. Chang-Claude$^*$ and P. Knebel and L.
                      Hsu and M. Hoffmeister$^*$ and H. Brenner$^*$},
      title        = {{S}trongly enhanced colorectal cancer risk stratification
                      by combining family history and genetic risk score.},
      journal      = {Clinical epidemiology},
      volume       = {10},
      issn         = {1179-1349},
      address      = {Albany, Auckland},
      publisher    = {Dove Medical Press},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2018-00140},
      pages        = {143 - 152},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Family history (FH) and genetic risk scores (GRSs) are
                      increasingly used for risk stratification for colorectal
                      cancer (CRC) screening. However, they were mostly considered
                      alternatively rather than jointly. The aim of this study was
                      to assess the potential of individual and joint risk
                      stratification for CRC by FH and GRS.A GRS was built based
                      on the number of risk alleles in 53 previously identified
                      single-nucleotide polymorphisms among 2,363 patients with a
                      first diagnosis of CRC and 2,198 controls in DACHS
                      [colorectal cancer: chances for prevention through
                      screening], a population-based case-control study in
                      Germany. Associations between GRS and FH with CRC risk were
                      quantified by multiple logistic regression.A total of 316
                      cases $(13.4\%)$ and 214 controls $(9.7\%)$ had a
                      first-degree relative (FDR) with CRC (adjusted odds ratio
                      [aOR] 1.86, $95\%$ CI 1.52-2.29). A GRS in the highest
                      decile was associated with a 3.0-fold increased risk of CRC
                      (aOR 3.00, $95\%$ CI 2.24-4.02) compared with the lowest
                      decile. This association was tentatively more pronounced in
                      older age groups. FH and GRS were essentially unrelated, and
                      their joint consideration provided more accurate risk
                      stratification than risk stratification based on each of the
                      variables individually. For example, risk was 6.1-fold
                      increased in the presence of both FH in a FDR and a GRS in
                      the highest decile (aOR 6.14, $95\%$ CI 3.47-10.84) compared
                      to persons without FH and a GRS in the lowest decile.Both FH
                      and the so far identified genetic variants carry essentially
                      independent risk information and in combination provide
                      great potential for CRC risk stratification.},
      cin          = {C070 / C020 / G110 / L101},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)G110-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)L101-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Cancer risk factors and prevention (POF3-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:29403313},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC5783152},
      doi          = {10.2147/CLEP.S145636},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/132452},
}