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@ARTICLE{Braig:136664,
      author       = {S. Braig and J. Genuneit and V. Walter$^*$ and S. Brandt
                      and M. Wabitsch and L. Goldbeck and H. Brenner$^*$ and D.
                      Rothenbacher},
      title        = {{S}creen {T}ime, {P}hysical {A}ctivity and {S}elf-{E}steem
                      in {C}hildren: {T}he {U}lm {B}irth {C}ohort {S}tudy.},
      journal      = {International journal of environmental research and public
                      health},
      volume       = {15},
      number       = {6},
      issn         = {1660-4601},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI AG},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2018-01133},
      pages        = {E1275},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Screen time is a central activity of $children\’s$
                      daily life and jeopardizes mental health. However, results
                      appear inconclusive and are often based on small
                      cross-sectional studies. We aimed to investigate the
                      temporal sequence of the association between screen time and
                      self-esteem taking into account further indirect effects
                      through family or friendship relationship. In our
                      population-based birth cohort study (baseline November
                      2000⁻November 2001, Ulm, Germany), these relationships
                      were explored in n = 519 11- and 13-year-old children and
                      their parents who both provided information on
                      $children\’s$ screen time: time spent watching
                      television or videos (TV), time spent on computers, video
                      game consoles, mobile devices, or cell phones; so called
                      $\“other$ screen $time\”,$ and
                      $children\’s$ self-esteem (KINDL-R). Time watching TV
                      (self-reported) at age 11 was negatively associated with
                      $girls\’$ self-esteem at the same age but positively
                      with an increase of self-esteem between age 11 and 13.
                      However, the latter association was restricted to low to
                      moderate TV viewers. In boys, a higher increase of other
                      screen time between age 11 and age 13 was associated with
                      lower self-reported self-esteem at age 13. Additionally,
                      friendship relationship mediated the association between
                      watching TV and self-esteem in girls. For parental reports
                      similar associations were observed. These findings indicate
                      that time sequence and potential mediators need further
                      investigation in cohort studies with multiple assessments of
                      screen time and self-esteem.},
      cin          = {C070 / G110 / L101},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)G110-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)L101-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Cancer risk factors and prevention (POF3-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:29914149},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC6025387},
      doi          = {10.3390/ijerph15061275},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/136664},
}