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@ARTICLE{Jobst:142909,
      author       = {B. J. Jobst and M. Owsijewitsch and H.-U. Kauczor and J.
                      Biederer and S. Ley and N. Becker$^*$ and A.
                      Kopp-Schneider$^*$ and S. Delorme$^*$ and C. P. Heussel and
                      M. Puderbach and M. O. Wielpütz and J. Ley-Zaporozhan},
      title        = {{GOLD} stage predicts thoracic aortic calcifications in
                      patients with {COPD}.},
      journal      = {Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine},
      volume       = {17},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1792-1015},
      address      = {Athens},
      publisher    = {Spandidos Publ.},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2019-00537},
      pages        = {967-973},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Although some of the associations between chronic
                      obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and atherosclerosis are
                      based on shared risk factors such as smoking, recent
                      epidemiological evidence suggests that COPD is a risk factor
                      for vascular disease due to systemic inflammation. The
                      present study assessed the hypothesis that disease severity
                      (as expressed by the GOLD stage) independently predicts the
                      extent of vascular calcifications. A total of 160 smokers
                      diagnosed with COPD (GOLD I-IV, 40 subjects of each GOLD
                      stage) and 40 smokers at risk (GOLD 0; median age of 60
                      years old; Q1:56;Q3:65; 135 males and 65 females) underwent
                      non-contrast, non-electrocardiography synchronized chest
                      computerised tomography. The volume of thoracic aortic
                      calcifications was quantified semi-automatically within a
                      region from T1 through T12. Multiparametric associations
                      with GOLD stage, smoking history, sex, age, body mass index
                      and emphysema index were evaluated using generalized linear
                      regression analysis. Thoracic aortic calcifications were
                      highly prevalent in this cohort (187/200 subjects, 709
                      (Q1:109;Q3:2163) mm3). Analysis of variance on ranks
                      demonstrated a significant difference in calcium between
                      different GOLD-stages as well as patients at risk of COPD
                      (F=36.8, P<0.001). In the multivariable analysis,
                      GOLD-stages were indicated to be predictive of thoracic
                      aortic calcifications (P≤0.0033) besides age (P<0.0001),
                      while age appeared to be the strongest predictor. Other
                      variables were not statistically linked to thoracic aortic
                      calcifications in the multivariable model. COPD severity, as
                      expressed by the GOLD-stage, is a significant predictor of
                      thoracic aortic calcifications, independent of covariates
                      such as age or tobacco consumption.},
      cin          = {C020 / C060 / E010},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C060-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)E010-20160331},
      pnm          = {323 - Metabolic Dysfunction as Risk Factor (POF3-323)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-323},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:30651888},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC6307445},
      doi          = {10.3892/etm.2018.7039},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/142909},
}