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@ARTICLE{Tian:143242,
      author       = {Y. Tian$^*$ and E. Kharazmi$^*$ and K. Sundquist and J.
                      Sundquist and H. Brenner$^*$ and M. Fallah$^*$},
      title        = {{F}amilial colorectal cancer risk in half siblings and
                      siblings: nationwide cohort study.},
      journal      = {The BMJ},
      volume       = {364},
      issn         = {0959-8138},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {British Medical Association56099},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2019-00840},
      pages        = {l803},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {To explore the risk of colorectal cancer in family members
                      of patients with colorectal cancer, with an emphasis on
                      subtypes of second degree relatives, especially half
                      siblings, which were lacking in the
                      literature.Ambidirectional cohort study.Nationwide Swedish
                      Family Cancer Data (record linkage).All people residing in
                      Sweden and born after 1931, with their biological parents,
                      totalling >16 million individuals (follow-up: 1958-2015); of
                      those with clear genealogy, 173 796 developed colorectal
                      cancer.Lifetime (0-79 years) cumulative risk and
                      standardised incidence ratio of colorectal cancer among
                      first degree relatives and second degree relatives.The
                      overall lifetime cumulative risk of colorectal cancer in
                      siblings of patients was $7\%,$ which represents a 1.7-fold
                      $(95\%$ confidence interval 1.6 to 1.7; n=2089) increase
                      over the risk in those without any family history of
                      colorectal cancer. A similarly increased lifetime cumulative
                      risk $(6\%)$ was found among half siblings (standardised
                      incidence ratio 1.5, $95\%$ confidence interval 1.3 to 1.8;
                      n=140). The risk in people with colorectal cancer in both a
                      parent and a half sibling (standardised incidence ratio 3.6,
                      2.4 to 5.0; n=32) was close to the risk in those with both
                      an affected parent and an affected sibling (2.7, 2.4 to 3.0;
                      n=396). Family history of colorectal cancer in only one
                      second degree relative other than a half sibling (without
                      any affected first degree relatives), such as a grandparent,
                      uncle, or aunt, showed minor association with the risk of
                      colorectal cancer.Family history of colorectal cancer in
                      half siblings is similarly associated with colorectal cancer
                      risk to that in siblings. The increase in risk of colorectal
                      cancer among people with one affected second degree relative
                      was negligible, except for half siblings, but the risk was
                      substantially increased for a combination of family history
                      in one affected second degree relative and an affected first
                      degree relative (or even another second degree relative).
                      These evidence based findings provide novel information to
                      help to identify people at high risk with a family history
                      of colorectal cancer that can potentially be used for risk
                      adapted screening.},
      cin          = {C120 / C070 / L101},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C120-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)L101-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Cancer risk factors and prevention (POF3-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:30872356},
      doi          = {10.1136/bmj.l803},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/143242},
}