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@ARTICLE{Key:143760,
      author       = {T. J. Key and P. N. Appleby and K. E. Bradbury and M.
                      Sweeting and A. Wood and I. Johansson and T. Kühn$^*$ and
                      M. Steur and E. Weiderpass and M. Wennberg and A. M. L.
                      Würtz and A. Agudo and J. Andersson and L. Arriola and H.
                      Boeing and J. M. A. Boer and F. Bonnet and M.-C.
                      Boutron-Ruault and A. J. Cross and U. Ericson and G.
                      Fagherazzi and P. Ferrari and M. Gunter and J. M. Huerta and
                      V. Katzke$^*$ and K.-T. Khaw and V. Krogh and C. La Vecchia
                      and G. Matullo and C. Moreno-Iribas and A. Naska and L. M.
                      Nilsson and A. Olsen and K. Overvad and D. Palli and S.
                      Panico and E. Molina-Portillo and J. R. Quirós and G. Skeie
                      and I. Sluijs and E. Sonestedt and M. Stepien and A.
                      Tjønneland and A. Trichopoulou and R. Tumino and I.
                      Tzoulaki and Y. T. van der Schouw and W. M. M. Verschuren
                      and E. Di Angelantonio and C. Langenberg and N. Forouhi and
                      N. Wareham and A. Butterworth and E. Riboli and J. Danesh},
      title        = {{C}onsumption of {M}eat, {F}ish, {D}airy {P}roducts, {E}ggs
                      and {R}isk of {I}schemic {H}eart {D}isease: {A}
                      {P}rospective {S}tudy of 7198 {I}ncident {C}ases {A}mong
                      409,885 {P}articipants in the {P}an-{E}uropean {EPIC}
                      {C}ohort.},
      journal      = {Circulation},
      volume       = {139},
      number       = {25},
      issn         = {1524-4539},
      address      = {[S.l.]},
      publisher    = {Ovid},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2019-01329},
      pages        = {2835-2845},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {There is uncertainty about the relevance of animal foods to
                      the etiology of ischemic heart disease (IHD). We examined
                      meat, fish, dairy products and eggs and risk for IHD in the
                      pan-European EPIC cohort.A prospective study of 409,885 men
                      and women in nine European countries. Diet was assessed
                      using validated questionnaires, calibrated using 24-hour
                      recalls. Lipids and blood pressure were measured in a
                      subsample. During 12.6 years mean follow up, 7198
                      participants had a myocardial infarction or died from IHD.
                      The relationships of animal foods with risk were examined
                      using Cox regression with adjustment for other animal foods
                      and relevant covariates.The hazard ratio (HR) for IHD was
                      1.19 $(95\%$ CI 1.06-1.33) for a 100 g/d increment in intake
                      of red and processed meat, and this remained significant
                      after excluding the first 4 years of follow-up (HR 1.25
                      [1.09-1.42]). Risk was inversely associated with intakes of
                      yogurt (HR 0.93 [0.89-0.98] per 100 g/d increment), cheese
                      (HR 0.92 [0.86-0.98] per 30 g/d increment) and eggs (HR 0.93
                      [0.88-0.99] per 20 g/d increment); the associations with
                      yogurt and eggs were attenuated and non-significant after
                      excluding the first 4 years of follow-up. Risk was not
                      significantly associated with intakes of poultry, fish or
                      milk. In analyses modelling dietary substitutions,
                      replacement of 100 kcal/d from red and processed meat with
                      100 kcal/d from fatty fish, yogurt, cheese or eggs was
                      associated with approximately $20\%$ lower risk of IHD.
                      Consumption of red and processed meat was positively
                      associated with serum non-HDL cholesterol concentration and
                      systolic blood pressure, and consumption of cheese was
                      inversely associated with serum non-HDL cholesterol.Risk for
                      IHD was positively associated with consumption of red and
                      processed meat, and inversely associated with consumption of
                      yogurt, cheese and eggs, although the associations with
                      yogurt and eggs may be influenced by reverse causation bias.
                      It is not clear whether the associations with red and
                      processed meat and cheese reflect causality, but they were
                      consistent with the associations of these foods with plasma
                      non-HDL cholesterol, and for red and processed meat with
                      systolic blood pressure, which could mediate such effects.},
      cin          = {C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Cancer risk factors and prevention (POF3-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:31006335},
      doi          = {10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038813},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/143760},
}