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@ARTICLE{Isenmann:144480,
      author       = {E. Isenmann and G. Ambrosio and J. F. Joseph and M.
                      Mazzarino and X. de la Torre and P. Zimmer$^*$ and R.
                      Kazlauskas and C. Goebel and F. Botrè and P. Diel and M. K.
                      Parr},
      title        = {{E}cdysteroids as non-conventional anabolic agent:
                      performance enhancement by ecdysterone supplementation in
                      humans.},
      journal      = {Archives of toxicology},
      volume       = {93},
      number       = {7},
      issn         = {1432-0738},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2019-01931},
      pages        = {1807 - 1816},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Recent studies suggest that the anabolic effect of
                      ecdysterone, a naturally occurring steroid hormone claimed
                      to enhance physical performance, is mediated by estrogen
                      receptor (ER) binding. In comparison with the prohibited
                      anabolic agents (e.g., metandienone and others), ecdysterone
                      revealed to be even more effective in a recent study
                      performed in rats. However, scientific studies in humans are
                      very rarely accessible. Thus, our project aimed at
                      investigating the effects of ecdysterone-containing products
                      on human sport exercise. A 10-week intervention study of
                      strength training of young men (n = 46) was carried out.
                      Different doses of ecdysterone-containing supplements have
                      been administered during the study to evaluate the
                      performance-enhancing effect. Analysis of blood and urine
                      samples for ecdysterone and potential biomarkers of
                      performance enhancement has been conducted. To ensure the
                      specificity of the effects measured, a comprehensive
                      screening for prohibited performance-enhancing substances
                      was also carried out. Furthermore, the administered
                      supplement has been tested for the absence of anabolic
                      steroid contaminations prior to administration.
                      Significantly higher increases in muscle mass were observed
                      in those participants that were dosed with ecdysterone. The
                      same hypertrophic effects were also detected in vitro in
                      C2C12 myotubes. Even more relevant with respect to sports
                      performance, significantly more pronounced increases in
                      one-repetition bench press performance were observed. No
                      increase in biomarkers for liver or kidney toxicity was
                      noticed. These data underline the effectivity of an
                      ecdysterone supplementation with respect to sports
                      performance. Our results strongly suggest the inclusion of
                      ecdysterone in the list of prohibited substances and methods
                      in sports in class S1.2 'other anabolic agents'.},
      cin          = {C110},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C110-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Cancer risk factors and prevention (POF3-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:31123801},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00204-019-02490-x},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/144480},
}