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@ARTICLE{Vrieling:144880,
      author       = {A. Vrieling and H. B. Bueno-De-Mesquita and M. M. Ros and
                      E. Kampman and K. K. Aben and F. L. Büchner and E. H.
                      Jansen and N. Roswall and A. Tjønneland and M.-C.
                      Boutron-Ruault and C. Cadeau and J. Chang-Claude$^*$ and R.
                      Kaaks$^*$ and S. Weikert and H. Boeing and A. Trichopoulou
                      and P. Lagiou and D. Trichopoulos and S. Sieri and D. Palli
                      and S. Panico and P. H. Peeters and E. Weiderpass and G.
                      Skeie and P. Jakszyn and M.-D. Chirlaque and E. Ardanaz and
                      M.-J. Sánchez and R. Ehrnström and J. Malm and B.
                      Ljungberg and K.-T. Khaw and N. J. Wareham and P. Brennan
                      and M. Johansson and E. Riboli and L. A. Kiemeney},
      title        = {{O}ne-carbon metabolism biomarkers and risk of urothelial
                      cell carcinoma in the {E}uropean prospective investigation
                      into cancer and nutrition.},
      journal      = {International journal of cancer},
      volume       = {145},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {1097-0215},
      address      = {Bognor Regis},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Liss},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2019-02304},
      pages        = {2349 - 2359},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Published associations between dietary folate and bladder
                      cancer risk are inconsistent. Biomarkers may provide more
                      accurate measures of nutrient status. This nested
                      case-control analysis within the European Prospective
                      Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) investigated
                      associations between pre-diagnostic serum folate,
                      homocysteine, vitamins B6 and B12 and the risk of urothelial
                      cell carcinomas of the bladder (UCC). A total of 824
                      patients with newly diagnosed UCC were matched with 824
                      cohort members. Serum folate, homocysteine, and vitamins B6
                      and B12 were measured. Odds ratios (OR) and $95\%$
                      confidence intervals (CI) for total, aggressive, and
                      non-aggressive UCC were estimated using conditional logistic
                      regression with adjustment for smoking status, smoking
                      duration and intensity, and other potential confounders.
                      Additionally, statistical interaction with smoking status
                      was assessed. A halving in serum folate concentrations was
                      moderately associated with risk of UCC (OR: 1.18; $95\%$ CI:
                      0.98-1.43), in particular aggressive UCC (OR: 1.34; $95\%$
                      CI: 1.02-1.75; p-heterogeneity = 0.19). Compared to never
                      smokers in the highest quartile of folate concentrations,
                      this association seemed only apparent among current smokers
                      in the lowest quartile of folate concentrations (OR: 6.26;
                      $95\%$ CI: 3.62-10.81, p-interaction = 0.07). Dietary
                      folate was not associated with aggressive UCC (OR: 1.26;
                      $95\%$ CI: 0.81-1.95; p-heterogeneity = 0.14). No
                      association was observed between serum homocysteine,
                      vitamins B6 and B12 and risk of UCC. This study suggests
                      that lower serum folate concentrations are associated with
                      increased UCC risk, in particular aggressive UCC. Residual
                      confounding by smoking cannot be ruled out and these
                      findings require confirmation in future studies with
                      multiple measurements.},
      cin          = {C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Cancer risk factors and prevention (POF3-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:30694528},
      doi          = {10.1002/ijc.32165},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/144880},
}