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@ARTICLE{Heid:148753,
      author       = {H. Heid$^*$ and R. Zimbelmann$^*$ and Y. Dörflinger$^*$
                      and S. Rickelt$^*$},
      title        = {{F}ormation and degradation of lipid droplets in human
                      adipocytes and the expression of aldehyde oxidase ({AOX}).},
      journal      = {Cell $\&$ tissue research},
      volume       = {379},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1432-0878},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2019-03266},
      pages        = {45-62},
      year         = {2020},
      note         = {2020 Jan;379(1):45-62#EA:A991#LA:A991#},
      abstract     = {Lipid droplet (LD) binding proteins in mammary glands and
                      in adipocytes were previously compared and striking similar
                      sets of these specific proteins demonstrated. Xanthine
                      oxidoreductase (XOR) together with perilipins and the
                      lactating mammary gland protein butyrophilin play an
                      important role in the secretion process of LDs into milk
                      ducts. In contrast, in adipose tissue and in adipocytes,
                      mainly perilipins have been described. Moreover, XOR was
                      reported in mouse adipose tissue and adipocyte culture cells
                      as 'novel regulator of adipogenesis'. This obvious
                      coincidence of protein sets prompted us to revisit the
                      formation of LDs in human-cultured adipocytes in more detail
                      with special emphasis on the possibility of a LD association
                      of XOR. We demonstrate by electron and immunoelectron
                      microscopy new structural details on LD formation in
                      adipocytes. Surprisingly, by immunological and proteomic
                      analysis, we identify in contrast to previous data showing
                      the enzyme XOR, predominantly the expression of aldehyde
                      oxidase (AOX). AOX could be detected tightly linked to LDs
                      when adipocytes were treated with starvation medium. In
                      addition, the majority of cells show an enormous
                      interconnected, tubulated mitochondria network. Here, we
                      discuss that (1) XOR is involved-together with perilipins-in
                      the secretion of LDs in alveolar epithelial cells of the
                      lactating mammary gland and is important in the transcytosis
                      pathway of capillary endothelial cells. (2) In cells, where
                      LDs are not secreted, XOR cannot be detected at the protein
                      level, whereas in contrast in these cases, AOX is often
                      present. We detect AOX in adipocytes together with
                      perilipins and find evidence that these proteins might
                      direct LDs to mitochondria. Finally, we here report for the
                      first time the exclusive and complementary localization of
                      XOR and AOX in diverse cell types.},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      cin          = {A991},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)A991-20160331},
      pnm          = {311 - Signalling pathways, cell and tumor biology
                      (POF3-311)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-311},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:31858241},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00441-019-03152-1},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/148753},
}