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@ARTICLE{Goldschmidt:157227,
      author       = {H. Goldschmidt and M.-A. Baertsch and J. Schlenzka and N.
                      Becker$^*$ and C. Habermehl$^*$ and T. Hielscher$^*$ and
                      M.-S. Raab$^*$ and J. Hillengass and S. Sauer and C.
                      Müller-Tidow and S. Luntz and A. Jauch and D. Hose and A.
                      Seckinger and P. Brossart and M. Goerner and S. Klein and M.
                      Schmidt-Hieber and P. Reimer and U. Graeven and R. Fenk and
                      M. Haenel and H. Martin and H. W. Lindemann and C. Scheid
                      and A. Nogai and H. Salwender and R. Noppeney and B. Besemer
                      and K. Weisel},
      collaboration = {G. M. M. Group},
      title        = {{S}alvage autologous transplant and lenalidomide
                      maintenance vs. lenalidomide/dexamethasone for relapsed
                      multiple myeloma: the randomized {GMMG} phase {III} trial
                      {R}e{LA}ps{E}.},
      journal      = {Leukemia},
      volume       = {35},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1476-5551},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2020-01497},
      pages        = {1134-1144},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {2021 Apr;35(4):1134-1144},
      abstract     = {The role of salvage high-dose chemotherapy and autologous
                      stem cell transplantation (sHDCT/ASCT) for relapsed and/or
                      refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in the era of continuous
                      novel agent treatment has not been defined. This randomized,
                      open-label, phase III, multicenter trial randomized patients
                      with 1st-3rd relapse of multiple myeloma (MM) to a
                      transplant arm (n = 139) consisting of 3 Rd
                      (lenalidomide 25 mg, day 1-21; dexamethasone 40 mg, day
                      1, 8, 15, and 22; 4-week cycles) reinduction cycles, sHDCT
                      (melphalan 200 mg/m2), ASCT, and lenalidomide maintenance
                      (10 mg/day) or to a control arm (n = 138) of
                      continuous Rd. Median PFS was 20.7 months in the transplant
                      and 18.8 months in the control arm (HR 0.87; $95\%$ CI
                      0.65-1.16; p = 0.34). Median OS was not reached in the
                      transplant and 62.7 months in the control arm (HR 0.81;
                      $95\%$ CI 0.52-1.28; p = 0.37). Forty-one patients
                      $(29\%)$ did not receive the assigned sHDCT/ASCT mainly due
                      to early disease progression, adverse events, and withdrawal
                      of consent. Multivariate landmark analyses from the time of
                      sHDCT showed superior PFS and OS (p = 0.0087/0.0057) in
                      patients who received sHDCT/ASCT. Incorporation of
                      sHDCT/ASCT into relapse treatment with Rd was feasible in
                      $71\%$ of patients and did not significantly prolong PFS and
                      OS on ITT analysis while patients who received sHDCT/ASCT
                      may have benefitted.},
      cin          = {C060 / A360},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C060-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)A360-20160331},
      pnm          = {311 - Zellbiologie und Tumorbiologie (POF4-311)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-311},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32694619},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41375-020-0948-0},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/157227},
}