000157525 001__ 157525 000157525 005__ 20240229123140.0 000157525 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.7150/thno.48392 000157525 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:32802199 000157525 0247_ $$2pmc$$apmc:PMC7415814 000157525 037__ $$aDKFZ-2020-01681 000157525 041__ $$aeng 000157525 082__ $$a610 000157525 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aRühle, Alexander$$b0$$eFirst author 000157525 245__ $$aHypoxia dynamics on FMISO-PET in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 expression has an impact on the clinical outcome of patients with Head-and-neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma undergoing Chemoradiation. 000157525 260__ $$aWyoming, NSW$$bIvyspring$$c2020 000157525 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000157525 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000157525 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1675086883_25376 000157525 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000157525 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000157525 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000157525 500__ $$a2020 Jul 23;10(20):9395-9406 000157525 520__ $$aTumor-associated hypoxia influences the radiation response of head-and-neck cancer (HNSCC) patients, and a lack of early hypoxia resolution during treatment considerably deteriorates outcomes. As the detrimental effects of hypoxia are partly related to the induction of an immunosuppressive microenvironment, we investigated the interaction between tumor hypoxia dynamics and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in HNSCC patients undergoing chemoradiation and its relevance for patient outcomes in a prospective trial. Methods: 49 patients treated with definitive chemoradiation for locally advanced HNSCC were enrolled in this trial and received longitudinal hypoxia PET imaging using fluorine-18 misonidazole ([18F]FMISO) at weeks 0, 2 and 5 during treatment. Pre-therapeutic tumor biopsies were immunohistochemically analyzed regarding the PD-1/PD-L1 expression both on immune cells and on tumor cells, and potential correlations between the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and tumor hypoxia dynamics during chemoradiation were assessed using Spearman's rank correlations. Hypoxia dynamics during treatment were quantified by subtracting the standardized uptake value (SUV) index at baseline from the SUV values at weeks 2 or 5, whereby SUV index was defined as ratio of maximum tumor [18F]FMISO SUV to mean SUV in the contralateral sternocleidomastoid muscle (i.e. tumor-to-muscle ratio). The impact of the PD-1/PD-L1 expression alone and in combination with persistent tumor hypoxia on locoregional control (LRC), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was examined using log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Neither PD-L1 nor PD-1 expression levels on tumor-infiltrating immune cells influenced LRC (HR = 0.734; p = 0.480 for PD-L1, HR = 0.991; p = 0.989 for PD-1), PFS (HR = 0.813; p = 0.597 for PD-L1, HR = 0.796; p = 0.713 for PD-1) or OS (HR = 0.698; p = 0.405 for PD-L1, HR = 0.315; p = 0.265 for PD-1). However, patients with no hypoxia resolution between weeks 0 and 2 and PD-L1 expression on tumor cells, quantified by a tumor proportional score (TPS) of at least 1%, showed significantly worse LRC (HR = 3.374, p = 0.022) and a trend towards reduced PFS (HR = 2.752, p = 0.052). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, the combination of absent tumor hypoxia resolution and high tumoral PD-L1 expression remained a significant prognosticator for impaired LRC (HR = 3.374, p = 0.022). On the other side, tumoral PD-L1 expression did not compromise the outcomes of patients whose tumor-associated hypoxia declined between week 0 and 2 during chemoradiation (LRC: HR = 1.186, p = 0.772, PFS: HR = 0.846, p = 0.766). Conclusion: In this exploratory analysis, we showed for the first time that patients with both persistent tumor-associated hypoxia during treatment and PD-L1 expression on tumor cells exhibited a worse outcome, while the tumor cells' PD-L1 expression did not influence the outcomes of patients with early tumor hypoxia resolution. While the results have to be validated in an independent cohort, these findings form a foundation to investigate the combination of hypoxic modification and immune checkpoint inhibitors for the unfavorable subgroup, moving forward towards personalized radiation oncology treatment. 000157525 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-315$$a315 - Imaging and radiooncology (POF3-315)$$cPOF3-315$$fPOF III$$x0 000157525 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, PubMed, 000157525 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aGrosu, Anca-L$$b1 000157525 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aWiedenmann, Nicole$$b2 000157525 7001_ $$aMix, Michael$$b3 000157525 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)75b4c256a6de824414938cf2aaeff88e$$aStoian, Raluca$$b4 000157525 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aNiedermann, Gabriele$$b5 000157525 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBaltas, Dimos$$b6 000157525 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aWerner, Martin$$b7 000157525 7001_ $$aWeber, Wolfgang A$$b8 000157525 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKayser, Gian$$b9 000157525 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aNicolay, Nils H$$b10$$eLast author 000157525 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2592097-2$$a10.7150/thno.48392$$gVol. 10, no. 20, p. 9395 - 9406$$n20$$p9395 - 9406$$tTheranostics$$v10$$x1838-7640$$y2020 000157525 909CO $$ooai:inrepo02.dkfz.de:157525$$pVDB 000157525 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b0$$kDKFZ 000157525 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b1$$kDKFZ 000157525 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b2$$kDKFZ 000157525 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-He78)75b4c256a6de824414938cf2aaeff88e$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b4$$kDKFZ 000157525 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b5$$kDKFZ 000157525 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b6$$kDKFZ 000157525 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b7$$kDKFZ 000157525 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b9$$kDKFZ 000157525 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b10$$kDKFZ 000157525 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-315$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-310$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-300$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF3$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bGesundheit$$lKrebsforschung$$vImaging and radiooncology$$x0 000157525 9141_ $$y2020 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0100$$2StatID$$aJCR$$bTHERANOSTICS : 2018$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0200$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bSCOPUS$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0300$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bMedline$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0310$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bNCBI Molecular Biology Database$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0320$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bPubMed Central$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0501$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ Seal$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0500$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0030$$2StatID$$aPeer Review$$bDOAJ : Peer review$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0LIC:(DE-HGF)CCBYNCNV$$2V:(DE-HGF)$$aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial CC BY-NC (No Version)$$bDOAJ$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0199$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bClarivate Analytics Master Journal List$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0111$$2StatID$$aWoS$$bScience Citation Index Expanded$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0150$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bWeb of Science Core Collection$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0160$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bEssential Science Indicators$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1190$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bBiological Abstracts$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1050$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bBIOSIS Previews$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)9905$$2StatID$$aIF >= 5$$bTHERANOSTICS : 2018$$d2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0561$$2StatID$$aArticle Processing Charges$$f2020-01-10 000157525 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0700$$2StatID$$aFees$$d2020-01-10 000157525 9201_ $$0I:(DE-He78)FR01-20160331$$kFR01$$lDKTK FR zentral$$x0 000157525 9201_ $$0I:(DE-He78)E055-20160331$$kE055$$lE055 KKE Molekulare Radioonkologie$$x1 000157525 980__ $$ajournal 000157525 980__ $$aVDB 000157525 980__ $$aI:(DE-He78)FR01-20160331 000157525 980__ $$aI:(DE-He78)E055-20160331 000157525 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED