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@ARTICLE{BarahonaPonce:163033,
      author       = {C. Barahona Ponce and D. Scherer and R. Brinster and F.
                      Boekstegers and K. Marcelain and V. Gárate and B. Müller
                      and G. de Toro and J. Retamales and O. Barajas and M.
                      Ahumada and E. Morales and A. Rojas and V. Sanhueza and D.
                      Loader and M. T. Rivera and L. Gutiérrez and G. Bernal and
                      A. Ortega and D. Montalvo and S. Portiño and M. E. Bertrán
                      and F. Gabler and L. Spencer and J. Olloquequi and C.
                      Fischer and M. Jenab and K. Aleksandrova and V. Katzke$^*$
                      and E. Weiderpass and C. Bonet and T. Moradi and K. Fischer
                      and W. Bossers and H. Brenner$^*$ and K. Hveem and N. Eklund
                      and U. Völker and M. Waldenberger and M. Fuentes Guajardo
                      and R. Gonzalez-Jose and G. Bedoya and M. C. Bortolini and
                      S. Canizales and C. Gallo and A. Ruiz Linares and F.
                      Rothhammer and J. Lorenzo Bermejo},
      title        = {{G}allstones, {B}ody {M}ass {I}ndex, {C}-reactive {P}rotein
                      and {G}allbladder {C}ancer - {M}endelian {R}andomization
                      {A}nalysis of {C}hilean and {E}uropean {G}enotype {D}ata.},
      journal      = {Hepatology},
      volume       = {73},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {0270-9139},
      address      = {New York [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley Interscience},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2020-01824},
      pages        = {1783-1796},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {2021 May;73(5):1783-1796},
      abstract     = {Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a neglected disease with
                      substantial geographical variability: Chile shows the
                      highest incidence worldwide, while GBC is relatively rare in
                      Europe. Here we investigate the causal effects of risk
                      factors considered in current GBC prevention programmes as
                      well as C-reactive protein (CRP) level as a marker of
                      chronic inflammation.We applied two-sample Mendelian
                      randomization (MR) using publicly available data and our own
                      data from a retrospective Chilean and a prospective European
                      study. Causality was assessed by inverse variance weighted
                      (IVW), MR-Egger regression and weighted median estimates
                      complemented with sensitivity analyses on potential
                      heterogeneity and pleiotropy, two-step MR and mediation
                      analysis. We found evidence for a causal effect of gallstone
                      disease on GBC risk in Chileans (p = 9 × 10-5 ) and
                      Europeans (p = 9 × 10-5 ). A genetically elevated body mass
                      index (BMI) increased GBC risk in Chileans (p = 0.03), while
                      higher CRP concentrations increased GBC risk in Europeans (p
                      = 4.1 × 10-6 ). European results suggest causal effects of
                      BMI on gallstone disease (p = 0.008); public Chilean data
                      were not, however, available to enable assessment of the
                      mediation effects among causal GBC risk factors.Two risk
                      factors considered in the current Chilean programme for GBC
                      prevention are causally linked to GBC risk: gallstones and
                      BMI. For Europeans, BMI showed a causal effect on gallstone
                      risk, which was itself causally linked to GBC risk.},
      cin          = {C020 / C070 / C120 / HD01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)C120-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)HD01-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32893372},
      doi          = {10.1002/hep.31537.},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/163033},
}