000163172 001__ 163172 000163172 005__ 20240229123150.0 000163172 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1093/eurpub/ckaa014 000163172 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:32918818 000163172 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1101-1262 000163172 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1464-360X 000163172 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:90789491 000163172 037__ $$aDKFZ-2020-01875 000163172 041__ $$aeng 000163172 082__ $$a610 000163172 1001_ $$aMcDermott, Máirtín S$$b0 000163172 245__ $$aSocial norms for e-cigarettes and smoking: associations with initiation of e-cigarette use, intentions to quit smoking and quit attempts: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys. 000163172 260__ $$aOxford [u.a.]$$bOxford Univ. Press$$c2020 000163172 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000163172 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000163172 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1600257220_18090 000163172 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000163172 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000163172 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000163172 520__ $$aSocial norms have received little attention in relation to electronic cigarettes (EC). The current study examine social norms for EC use and smoking tobacco, and their associations with (i) initiation of EC use, (ii) intention to quit smoking and (iii) attempts to quit smoking.Cross-sectional and longitudinal data analysis from Waves 1 and 2 of the ITC 6 European Country Survey and corresponding waves from England (the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey). Current smokers at baseline, who heard of ECs and provided data at both waves were included (n = 3702). Complex samples logistic regression examined associations between the outcomes and descriptive (seeing EC use in public, close friends using ECs/smoking) and injunctive (public approves of ECs/smoking) norms, adjusting for country, demographics, EC use and heaviness of smoking.In longitudinal analyses, seeing EC use in public at least some days was the only social norm that predicted initiation of EC use between waves (OR = 1.66, 95%CI = 1.08-2.56). In the cross-sectional analysis, having an intention to quit was associated with seeing EC use in public (OR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.04-1.81) and reporting fewer than three close friends smoke (OR = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.44-0.80). There was no association between any social norm and making a quit attempt between waves.Initiation of EC use is predicted by seeing EC use in public, which was also associated with greater intention to quit smoking. Friends' smoking was associated with lower intention to quit. These findings may allay concerns that increased visibility of ECs is renormalizing smoking amongst current smokers. 000163172 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-319H$$a319H - Addenda (POF3-319H)$$cPOF3-319H$$fPOF III$$x0 000163172 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, PubMed, 000163172 7001_ $$aEast, Katherine A$$b1 000163172 7001_ $$aHitchman, Sara C$$b2 000163172 7001_ $$aMcNeill, Ann$$b3 000163172 7001_ $$aTountas, Yannis$$b4 000163172 7001_ $$aDemjén, Tibor$$b5 000163172 7001_ $$aFernández, Esteve$$b6 000163172 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)1b59582b6c05ac4e57aa8b90dd9667f9$$aMons, Ute$$b7$$udkfz 000163172 7001_ $$aTrofor, Antigona C$$b8 000163172 7001_ $$aHerbeć, Aleksandra$$b9 000163172 7001_ $$aJanik-Koncewicz, Kinga$$b10 000163172 7001_ $$aFong, Geoffrey T$$b11 000163172 7001_ $$aVardavas, Constantine I$$b12 000163172 7001_ $$aConsortium, EUREST-PLUS$$b13$$eCollaboration Author 000163172 7001_ $$aVardavas, Constantine I$$b14 000163172 7001_ $$aGlahn, Andrea$$b15 000163172 7001_ $$aKyriakos, Christina N$$b16 000163172 7001_ $$aNguyen, Dominick$$b17 000163172 7001_ $$aNikitara, Katerina$$b18 000163172 7001_ $$aRadu-Loghin, Cornel$$b19 000163172 7001_ $$aStarchenko, Polina$$b20 000163172 7001_ $$aTsatsakis, Aristidis$$b21 000163172 7001_ $$aGirvalaki, Charis$$b22 000163172 7001_ $$aIgoumenaki, Chryssi$$b23 000163172 7001_ $$aPapadakis, Sophia$$b24 000163172 7001_ $$aPapathanasaki, Aikaterini$$b25 000163172 7001_ $$aTzatzarakis, Manolis$$b26 000163172 7001_ $$aVardavas, Alexander I$$b27 000163172 7001_ $$aBécuwe, Nicolas$$b28 000163172 7001_ $$aDeaconu, Lavinia$$b29 000163172 7001_ $$aGoudet, Sophie$$b30 000163172 7001_ $$aHanley, Christopher$$b31 000163172 7001_ $$aRivière, Oscar$$b32 000163172 7001_ $$aDemjén, Tibor$$b33 000163172 7001_ $$aKiss, Judit$$b34 000163172 7001_ $$aKovacs, Anna Piroska$$b35 000163172 7001_ $$aFernández, Esteve$$b36 000163172 7001_ $$aCastellano, Yolanda$$b37 000163172 7001_ $$aFu, Marcela$$b38 000163172 7001_ $$aNogueira, Sarah O$$b39 000163172 7001_ $$aTigova, Olena$$b40 000163172 7001_ $$aMcNeill, Ann$$b41 000163172 7001_ $$aEast, Katherine$$b42 000163172 7001_ $$aHitchman, Sara C$$b43 000163172 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)1b59582b6c05ac4e57aa8b90dd9667f9$$aMons, Ute$$b44$$udkfz 000163172 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)31e693b68321c8926e1f6e78f60b5505$$aKahnert, Sarah$$b45$$udkfz 000163172 7001_ $$aTountas, Yannis$$b46 000163172 7001_ $$aBehrakis, Panagiotis$$b47 000163172 7001_ $$aFilippidis, Filippos T$$b48 000163172 7001_ $$aGratziou, Christina$$b49 000163172 7001_ $$aKatsaounou, Paraskevi$$b50 000163172 7001_ $$aPeleki, Theodosia$$b51 000163172 7001_ $$aPetroulia, Ioanna$$b52 000163172 7001_ $$aTzavara, Chara$$b53 000163172 7001_ $$aTrofor, Antigona Carmen$$b54 000163172 7001_ $$aEremia, Marius$$b55 000163172 7001_ $$aLotrean, Lucia$$b56 000163172 7001_ $$aMihaltan, Florin$$b57 000163172 7001_ $$aRohde, Gernot$$b58 000163172 7001_ $$aAsano, Tamaki$$b59 000163172 7001_ $$aCichon, Claudia$$b60 000163172 7001_ $$aFar, Amy$$b61 000163172 7001_ $$aGenton, Céline$$b62 000163172 7001_ $$aJessner, Melanie$$b63 000163172 7001_ $$aHedman, Linnea$$b64 000163172 7001_ $$aJanson, Christer$$b65 000163172 7001_ $$aLindberg, Ann$$b66 000163172 7001_ $$aMaguire, Beth$$b67 000163172 7001_ $$aRavara, Sofia$$b68 000163172 7001_ $$aVaccaro, Valérie$$b69 000163172 7001_ $$aWard, Brian$$b70 000163172 7001_ $$aWillemsen, Marc$$b71 000163172 7001_ $$ade Vries, Hein$$b72 000163172 7001_ $$aHummel, Karin$$b73 000163172 7001_ $$aNagelhout, Gera E$$b74 000163172 7001_ $$aZatoński, Witold A$$b75 000163172 7001_ $$aHerbeć, Aleksandra$$b76 000163172 7001_ $$aJanik-Koncewicz, Kinga$$b77 000163172 7001_ $$aPrzewoźniak, Krzysztof$$b78 000163172 7001_ $$aZatoński, Mateusz$$b79 000163172 7001_ $$aFong, Geoffrey T$$b80 000163172 7001_ $$aAgar, Thomas K$$b81 000163172 7001_ $$aDriezen, Pete$$b82 000163172 7001_ $$aGravely, Shannon$$b83 000163172 7001_ $$aQuah, Anne C K$$b84 000163172 7001_ $$aThompson, Mary E$$b85 000163172 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2033525-8$$a10.1093/eurpub/ckaa014$$gVol. 30, no. 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