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@ARTICLE{Amadou:163203,
      author       = {A. Amadou and T. Coudon and D. Praud and P. Salizzoni and
                      K. Leffondre and E. Lévêque and M.-C. Boutron-Ruault and
                      A. M. N. Danjou and X. Morelli and C. Le Cornet$^*$ and L.
                      Perrier and F. Couvidat and B. Bessagnet and J. Caudeville
                      and E. Faure and F. R. Mancini and J. Gulliver and G. Severi
                      and B. Fervers},
      title        = {{C}hronic {L}ow-{D}ose {E}xposure to {X}enoestrogen
                      {A}mbient {A}ir {P}ollutants and {B}reast {C}ancer {R}isk:
                      {XENAIR} {P}rotocol for a {C}ase-{C}ontrol {S}tudy {N}ested
                      {W}ithin the {F}rench {E}3{N} {C}ohort.},
      journal      = {JMIR Research Protocols},
      volume       = {9},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {1929-0748},
      address      = {Toronto},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2020-01900},
      pages        = {e15167},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women in
                      industrialized countries. Lifestyle and environmental
                      factors, particularly endocrine-disrupting pollutants, have
                      been suggested to play a role in breast cancer risk. Current
                      epidemiological studies, although not fully consistent,
                      suggest a positive association of breast cancer risk with
                      exposure to several International Agency for Research on
                      Cancer Group 1 air-pollutant carcinogens, such as
                      particulate matter, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB),
                      dioxins, Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and cadmium. However,
                      epidemiological studies remain scarce and inconsistent. It
                      has been proposed that the menopausal status could modify
                      the relationship between pollutants and breast cancer and
                      that the association varies with hormone receptor status.The
                      XENAIR project will investigate the association of breast
                      cancer risk (overall and by hormone receptor status) with
                      chronic exposure to selected air pollutants, including
                      particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), BaP,
                      dioxins, PCB-153, and cadmium.Our research is based on a
                      case-control study nested within the French national E3N
                      cohort of 5222 invasive breast cancer cases identified
                      during follow-up from 1990 to 2011, and 5222 matched
                      controls. A questionnaire was sent to all participants to
                      collect their lifetime residential addresses and information
                      on indoor pollution. We will assess these exposures using
                      complementary models of land-use regression, atmospheric
                      dispersion, and regional chemistry-transport (CHIMERE)
                      models, via a Geographic Information System. Associations
                      with breast cancer risk will be modeled using conditional
                      logistic regression models. We will also study the impact of
                      exposure on DNA methylation and interactions with genetic
                      polymorphisms. Appropriate statistical methods, including
                      Bayesian modeling, principal component analysis, and cluster
                      analysis, will be used to assess the impact of
                      multipollutant exposure. The fraction of breast cancer cases
                      attributable to air pollution will be estimated.The XENAIR
                      project will contribute to current knowledge on the health
                      effects of air pollution and identify and understand
                      environmental modifiable risk factors related to breast
                      cancer risk.The results will provide relevant evidence to
                      governments and policy-makers to improve effective public
                      health prevention strategies on air pollution. The XENAIR
                      dataset can be used in future efforts to study the effects
                      of exposure to air pollution associated with other chronic
                      conditions.DERR1-10.2196/15167.},
      cin          = {C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Cancer risk factors and prevention (POF3-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32930673},
      doi          = {10.2196/15167},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/163203},
}