TY  - JOUR
AU  - Siziba, Linda P
AU  - Lorenz, Leonie
AU  - Brenner, Hermann
AU  - Carr, Prudence
AU  - Stahl, Bernd
AU  - Mank, Marko
AU  - Marosvölgyi, Tamas
AU  - Decsi, Tamas
AU  - Szabo, Eva
AU  - Rothenbacher, Dietrich
AU  - Genuneit, Jon
TI  - Changes in human milk fatty acid composition and maternal lifestyle-related factors over a decade: a comparison between the two Ulm Birth Cohort Studies.
JO  - British journal of nutrition
VL  - 126
IS  - 2
SN  - 1475-2662
CY  - Cambridge
PB  - Cambridge Univ. Press
M1  - DKFZ-2020-02189
SP  - 228-235
PY  - 2021
N1  -  2021 Jul 28;126(2):228-235
AB  - Human milk fatty acid composition varies during lactation and is influenced by maternal diet, maternal lifestyle-related factors and genetic background. This is one of the first studies to investigate a period effect, i.e. the impact of lifestyle-related changes on human milk fatty acid composition, in two different cohorts. Lactating women were recruited from the general population a decade apart in Ulm, Germany, using similar methodology. Human milk samples collected 6 weeks post-partum were analysed [Ulm Birth Cohort Study (UBCS (2000)), n=567; Ulm SPATZ Health Study (SPATZ (2012)), n=458)]. Centred log ratio transformation was applied to fatty acid data. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine study-dependent fatty acid profiles. A general linear model was used to determine the study (or period) effect on fatty acid profiles adjusting for duration of gestation, age, education, delivery mode, smoking and pre-pregnancy BMI. Two principal components were retained (PC1 and PC2). PC1 was associated with UBCS, while PC2 was associated with SPATZ. PC1 comprised high saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and low monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), n-6 and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs). The inverse was true for PC2. Although human milk remains a source of essential fatty acids, infants could be at risk of inadequate n-3 and n-6 LCPUFA intake through human milk. The differences in the human milk fatty acid profiles also reflect changes in maternal dietary habits in the more recent cohort, which may comprise lower intakes of dietary TFAs, SFAs and higher intakes of vegetable oils.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:33040757
DO  - DOI:10.1017/S0007114520004006
UR  - https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/163981
ER  -