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000166279 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a2212-196X
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000166279 037__ $$aDKFZ-2020-02772
000166279 041__ $$aeng
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000166279 1001_ $$aPrakash, Hridayesh$$b0
000166279 245__ $$aHost sphingolipids: Perspective immune adjuvant for controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection for managing COVID-19 disease.
000166279 260__ $$aNew York, NY$$bElsevier$$c2021
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000166279 520__ $$aSphingolipids are potent bioactive agents involved in the pathogenesis of various respiratory bacterial infections. To date, several sphingolipid derivatives are known, but S1P (Sphingosine-1-phosphate) and Ceramide are the best-studied sphingolipid derivatives in the context of human diseases. These are membrane-bound lipids that influence host-pathogen interactions. Based on these features, we believe that sphingolipids might control SARS-CoV-2 infection in the host. SARS-CoV-2 utilizes the ACE-II receptor (Angiotensin-converting enzyme II receptor) on epithelial cells for its entry and replication. Activation of the ACE-II receptor is indirectly associated with the activation of S1P Receptor 1 signaling which is associated with IL-6 driven fibrosis. This is expected to promote pathological responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection in COVID-19 cases. Given this, mitigating S1P signaling by application of either S1P Lyase (SPL) or S1P analog (Fingolimod / FTY720) seems to be potential approach for controlling these pathological outcomes. However, due to the immunosuppressive nature of FTY720, it can modulate hyper-inflammatory responses and only provide symptomatic relief, which may not be sufficient for controlling the novel COVID-19 infection. Since Th1 effector immune responses are essential for the clearance of infection, we believe that other sphingolipid derivatives like Cermaide-1 Phosphate with antiviral potential and adjuvant immune potential can potentially control SARS-CoV-2 infection in the host by its ability in enhancing autophagy and antigen presentation by DC to promote T cell response which can be helpful in controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection in novel COVID-19 patients.
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000166279 650_7 $$2Other$$aCovid 19
000166279 650_7 $$2Other$$aImmune adjuvants
000166279 650_7 $$2Other$$aM1/M2 macrophages
000166279 650_7 $$2Other$$aSphingolipids
000166279 650_7 $$2Other$$aTh1 effector response
000166279 7001_ $$aUpadhyay, Dilip$$b1
000166279 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)b11ccde1801d45d32a6a60f7b396d7dc$$aBandapalli, Obul Reddy$$b2$$udkfz
000166279 7001_ $$aJain, Aklank$$b3
000166279 7001_ $$aKleuser, Burkhard$$b4
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