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000166569 1001_ $$00000-0002-0099-969X$$aLöfvenborg, Josefin E$$b0
000166569 245__ $$aInteraction Between GAD65 Antibodies and Dietary Fish Intake or Plasma Phospholipid n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Incident Adult-Onset Diabetes: The EPIC-InterAct Study.
000166569 260__ $$aAlexandria, Va.$$bAssoc.$$c2021
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000166569 500__ $$a2021 Feb;44(2):416-424
000166569 520__ $$aIslet autoimmunity is associated with diabetes incidence. We investigated whether there was an interaction between dietary fish intake or plasma phospholipid n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration with the 65-kDa isoform of GAD (GAD65) antibody positivity on the risk of developing adult-onset diabetes.We used prospective data on 11,247 incident cases of adult-onset diabetes and 14,288 noncases from the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study conducted in eight European countries. Baseline plasma samples were analyzed for GAD65 antibodies and phospholipid n-3 PUFAs. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for incident diabetes in relation to GAD65 antibody status and tertiles of plasma phospholipid n-3 PUFA or fish intake were estimated using Prentice-weighted Cox regression. Additive (proportion attributable to interaction [AP]) and multiplicative interactions between GAD65 antibody positivity (≥65 units/mL) and low fish/n-3 PUFA were assessed.The hazard of diabetes in antibody-positive individuals with low intake of total and fatty fish, respectively, was significantly elevated (HR 2.52 [95% CI 1.76-3.63] and 2.48 [1.79-3.45]) compared with people who were GAD65 antibody negative and had high fish intake, with evidence of additive (AP 0.44 [95% CI 0.16-0.72] and 0.48 [0.24-0.72]) and multiplicative (P = 0.0465 and 0.0103) interactions. Individuals with high GAD65 antibody levels (≥167.5 units/mL) and low total plasma phospholipid n-3 PUFAs had a more than fourfold higher hazard of diabetes (HR 4.26 [2.70-6.72]) and an AP of 0.46 (0.12-0.80) compared with antibody-negative individuals with high n-3 PUFAs.High fish intake or relative plasma phospholipid n-3 PUFA concentrations may partially counteract the increased diabetes risk conferred by GAD65 antibody positivity.
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000166569 7001_ $$aCarlsson, Sofia$$b1
000166569 7001_ $$aAndersson, Tomas$$b2
000166569 7001_ $$aHampe, Christiane S$$b3
000166569 7001_ $$aKoulman, Albert$$b4
000166569 7001_ $$aChirlaque Lopez, María Dolores$$b5
000166569 7001_ $$aJakszyn, Paula$$b6
000166569 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)fb68a9386399d72d84f7f34cfc6048b4$$aKatzke, Verena A$$b7$$udkfz
000166569 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)0907a10ba1dc8f53f04907f54f6fdcfe$$aKühn, Tilman$$b8$$udkfz
000166569 7001_ $$aKyrø, Cecilie$$b9
000166569 7001_ $$aMasala, Giovanna$$b10
000166569 7001_ $$aNilsson, Peter M$$b11
000166569 7001_ $$aOvervad, Kim$$b12
000166569 7001_ $$aPanico, Salvatore$$b13
000166569 7001_ $$aSánchez, Maria-Jose$$b14
000166569 7001_ $$avan der Schouw, Yvonne$$b15
000166569 7001_ $$00000-0002-0830-5277$$aSchulze, Matthias B$$b16
000166569 7001_ $$aTjønneland, Anne$$b17
000166569 7001_ $$aWeiderpass, Elisabete$$b18
000166569 7001_ $$aRiboli, Elio$$b19
000166569 7001_ $$00000-0002-5041-248X$$aForouhi, Nita G$$b20
000166569 7001_ $$aSharp, Stephen J$$b21
000166569 7001_ $$00000-0002-1341-6828$$aRolandsson, Olov$$b22
000166569 7001_ $$aWareham, Nicholas J$$b23
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