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@ARTICLE{Aredo:167921,
      author       = {J. V. Aredo and S. J. Luo and R. M. Gardner and N. Sanyal
                      and E. Choi and T. P. Hickey and T. L. Riley and W.-Y. Huang
                      and A. W. Kurian and A. N. Leung and L. R. Wilkens and H. A.
                      Robbins and E. Riboli and R. Kaaks$^*$ and A. Tjønneland
                      and R. C. H. Vermeulen and S. Panico and L. Le Marchand and
                      C. I. Amos and R. J. Hung and N. D. Freedman and M.
                      Johansson and I. Cheng and H. A. Wakelee and S. S. Han},
      title        = {{T}obacco {S}moking and {R}isk of {S}econd {P}rimary {L}ung
                      {C}ancer.},
      journal      = {Journal of thoracic oncology},
      volume       = {16},
      number       = {6},
      issn         = {1556-0864},
      address      = {Amsterdam},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2021-00640},
      pages        = {968-979},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {16(6):968-979},
      abstract     = {Lung cancer survivors are at high risk of a second primary
                      lung cancer (SPLC). However, SPLC risk factors have not been
                      established and the impact of tobacco smoking remains
                      controversial. We examined risk factors for SPLC across
                      multiple epidemiologic cohorts and assessed the impact of
                      smoking cessation on reducing SPLC risk.We analyzed data
                      from 7,059 participants in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC)
                      diagnosed with an initial primary lung cancer (IPLC) between
                      1993 and 2017. Cause-specific proportional hazards models
                      estimated SPLC risk. We conducted validation studies using
                      the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening
                      Trial (PLCO, N=3,423 IPLC cases) and European Prospective
                      Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC, N=4,731 IPLC
                      cases) cohorts and pooled the SPLC risk estimates using
                      random effects meta-analysis.Overall, 163 $(2.3\%)$ MEC
                      cases developed a SPLC. Smoking pack-years (HR 1.18 per 10
                      pack-years; P<0.001) and smoking intensity (HR 1.30 per 10
                      cigarettes per day (CPD); P<0.001) were significantly
                      associated with increased SPLC risk. Individuals who met the
                      2013 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force's (USPSTF)
                      screening criteria at IPLC diagnosis also had an increased
                      SPLC risk (HR 1.92; P<0.001). Validation studies with PLCO
                      and EPIC showed consistent results. Meta-analysis yielded
                      pooled HRs of 1.16 per 10 pack-years (Pmeta<0.001), 1.25 per
                      10 CPD (Pmeta<0.001), and 1.99 (Pmeta<0.001) for meeting the
                      USPSTF criteria. In MEC, smoking cessation after IPLC
                      diagnosis was associated with an $83\%$ reduction in SPLC
                      risk (HR 0.17; P<0.001).Tobacco smoking is a risk factor for
                      SPLC. Smoking cessation after IPLC diagnosis may reduce the
                      risk of SPLC. Additional strategies for SPLC surveillance
                      and screening are warranted.},
      keywords     = {screening (Other) / second primary lung cancer (Other) /
                      smoking cessation (Other) / surveillance (Other) / tobacco
                      smoking (Other)},
      cin          = {C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:33722709},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jtho.2021.02.024.},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/167921},
}