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@ARTICLE{Peter:168832,
      author       = {R. S. Peter and A. Jaensch and U. Mons$^*$ and B.
                      Schöttker$^*$ and R. Schmucker and W. Koenig and H.
                      Brenner$^*$ and D. Rothenbacher$^*$},
      title        = {{P}rognostic value of long-term trajectories of depression
                      for incident diabetes mellitus in patients with stable
                      coronary heart disease.},
      journal      = {Cardiovascular diabetology},
      volume       = {20},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1475-2840},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {BioMed Central},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2021-01083},
      pages        = {108},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {#LA:C070# /2021 May 13;20(1):108},
      abstract     = {Diabetes mellitus (DM) and depression are bidirectionally
                      interrelated. We recently identified long-term trajectories
                      of depression symptom severity in individuals with coronary
                      heart disease (CHD), which were associated with the risk for
                      subsequent cardiovascular events (CVE). We now investigated
                      the prognostic value of these trajectories of symptoms of
                      depression with the risk of incident DM in patients with
                      stable coronary heart disease.The KAROLA cohort included CHD
                      patients participating in an in-patient rehabilitation
                      program (years 1999/2000) and followed for up to 15 years.
                      We included 1048 patients (mean age 59.4 years, $15\%$
                      female) with information on prevalent DM at baseline and
                      follow-up data. Cox proportional hazards models were used to
                      model the risk for incident DM during follow-up by
                      depression trajectory class adjusted for age, sex,
                      education, smoking status, body mass index, and physical
                      activity. In addition, we modeled the excess risk for
                      subsequent CVE due to incident DM during follow-up for each
                      of the depression trajectories.DM was prevalent in $20.7\%$
                      of patients at baseline. Over follow-up, 296 $(28.2\%)$ of
                      patients had a subsequent CVE. During follow-up, 157
                      $(15.0\%)$ patients developed incident DM before
                      experiencing a subsequent CVE. Patients following a
                      high-stable depression symptom trajectory were at
                      substantially higher risk of developing incident DM than
                      patients following a low-stable depression symptom
                      trajectory (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.50; $95\%$ confidence
                      interval (CI) (1.35, 4.65)). A moderate-stable and an
                      increasing depression trajectory were associated with HRs of
                      1.48 $(95\%-CI$ (1.10, 1.98)) and 1.77 $(95\%-CI$ (1.00,
                      3.15)) for incident DM. In addition, patients in the
                      high-stable depression trajectory class who developed
                      incident DM during follow-up were at 6.5-fold risk (HR =
                      6.51; $95\%-CI$ (2.77, 15.3)) of experiencing a subsequent
                      cardiovascular event.In patients with CHD, following a
                      trajectory of high stable symptoms of depression was
                      associated with an increased risk of incident DM.
                      Furthermore, incident DM in these patients was associated
                      with a substantially increased risk of subsequent CVE.
                      Identifying depressive symptoms and pertinent treatment
                      offers might be an important and promising approach to
                      enhance outcomes in patients with CHD, which should be
                      followed up in further research and practice.},
      keywords     = {Coronary heart disease (Other) / Depression (Other) /
                      Diabetes mellitus (Other) / Trajectories (Other)},
      cin          = {M050 / C070},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)M050-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:33985516},
      doi          = {10.1186/s12933-021-01298-3},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/168832},
}