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@ARTICLE{CastroEspin:169294,
      author       = {C. Castro-Espin and A. Agudo and C. Bonet and V. Katzke$^*$
                      and R. Turzanski-Fortner$^*$ and K. Aleksandrova and M. B.
                      Schulze and A. Tjønneland and C. C. Dahm and J.-R. Quirós
                      and M.-J. Sánchez and P. Amiano and M.-D. Chirlaque and E.
                      Ardanaz and G. Masala and S. Sieri and R. Tumino and C.
                      Sacerdote and S. Panico and A. M. May and S. Bodén and I.
                      T. Gram and G. Skeie and N. Laouali and S. Shah and G.
                      Severi and D. Aune and M. A. Merritt and M. Cairat and E.
                      Weiderpass and E. Riboli and L. Dossus and P. Jakszyn},
      title        = {{I}nflammatory potential of the diet and risk of breast
                      cancer in the {E}uropean {I}nvestigation into {C}ancer and
                      {N}utrition ({EPIC}) study.},
      journal      = {European journal of epidemiology},
      volume       = {36},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {1573-7284},
      address      = {Dordrecht [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Springer Science + Business Media B.V.},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2021-01391},
      pages        = {953-964},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {2021 Sep;36(9):953-964},
      abstract     = {The role of chronic inflammation on breast cancer (BC) risk
                      remains unclear beyond as an underlying mechanism of obesity
                      and physical activity. We aimed to evaluate the association
                      between the inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of
                      BC overall, according to menopausal status and tumour
                      subtypes. Within the European Prospective Investigation into
                      Cancer and Nutrition cohort, 318,686 women were followed for
                      14 years, among whom 13,246 incident BC cases were
                      identified. The inflammatory potential of the diet was
                      characterized by an inflammatory score of the diet (ISD).
                      Multivariable Cox regression models were used to assess the
                      potential effect of the ISD on BC risk by means of hazard
                      ratios (HR) and $95\%$ confidence intervals (CI). ISD was
                      positively associated with BC risk. Each increase of one
                      standard deviation (1-Sd) of the score increased by $4\%$
                      the risk of BC (HR = 1.04; $95\%$ CI 1.01-1.07). Women in
                      the highest quintile of the ISD (indicating a most
                      pro-inflammatory diet) had a $12\%$ increase in risk
                      compared with those in the lowest quintile (HR = 1.12;
                      $95\%$ CI 1.04-1.21) with a significant trend. The
                      association was strongest among premenopausal women, with an
                      $8\%$ increased risk for 1-Sd increase in the score (HR =
                      1.08; $95\%$ CI 1.01-1.14). The pattern of the association
                      was quite homogeneous by BC subtypes based on hormone
                      receptor status. There were no significant interactions
                      between ISD and body mass index, physical activity, or
                      alcohol consumption. Women consuming more pro-inflammatory
                      diets as measured by ISD are at increased risk for BC,
                      especially premenopausal women.},
      keywords     = {Breast cancer (Other) / Chronic inflammation (Other) /
                      Inflammatory potential of the diet (Other) / Prospective
                      study (Other)},
      cin          = {C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34148186},
      doi          = {10.1007/s10654-021-00772-2},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/169294},
}