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@ARTICLE{Porubsky:169377,
      author       = {S. Porubsky and M. Nientiedt and M. C. Kriegmair and J. H.
                      Siemoneit and R. Sandhoff$^*$ and R. Jennemann$^*$ and H.
                      Borgmann and T. Gaiser and C.-A. Weis and P. Erben and T.
                      Hielscher$^*$ and Z. V. Popovic},
      title        = {{T}he prognostic value of
                      galactosylceramide-sulfotransferase ({G}al3{ST}1) in human
                      renal cell carcinoma.},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2021-01456},
      pages        = {10926},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the deadliest primary
                      genitourinary malignancy typically associated with
                      asymptomatic initial presentation and poorly predictable
                      survival. Next to established risk factors, tumor
                      microenvironment may alter metastatic capacity and immune
                      landscape. Due to their high concentrations,
                      sulfoglycolipids (sulfatides) were among the first
                      well-described antigens in RCC that are associated with
                      worse prognosis. As sulfatide detection in routine
                      diagnostics is not possible, we aimed to test the prognostic
                      value of its protein counterpart, sulfatide-producing enzyme
                      Gal3ST1. We performed retrospective long-term follow up
                      analysis of Gal3ST1 expression as prognostic risk factor in
                      a representative RCC patient cohort. We observed
                      differentially regulated Gal3ST1 expression in all RCC
                      types, being significantly more associated with clear cell
                      RCC than to chromophobe RCC (p = 0.001). Surprisingly, in
                      contrast to published observations from in vitro models, we
                      could not confirm an association between Gal3ST1 expression
                      and a malignant clinical behaviour of the RCC. In our
                      cohort, Gal3ST1 did not significantly influence
                      progression-free survival (Hazard Ratio (HR): 1.7 $95\%$ CI
                      (0.6-4.9), p = 0.327). Particularly after adjusting for
                      histology, T-stage, N-status and M-status at baseline, we
                      observed no independent prognostic effect (HR = 1.0 $95\%$
                      CI (0.3-3.3), p = 0.96). The analysis of Gal3ST1 mRNA
                      expression in a TCGA dataset supported the results of our
                      cohort. Thus, Gal3ST1 might help to differentiate between
                      chromophobe RCC and other frequent RCC entities but-despite
                      previously published data from cell culture models-does not
                      qualify as a prognostic marker for RCC. Further
                      investigation of regulatory mechanisms of sulfatide
                      metabolism in human RCC microenvironment is necessary to
                      understand the role of this quantitatively prominent
                      glycosphingolipid in RCC progression.},
      cin          = {C060 / A411},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C060-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)A411-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34035403},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC8149814},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-021-90381-6},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/169377},
}