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@ARTICLE{Mller:178161,
      author       = {M. Müller and N. Egger and S. Sommer and T. Wilferth and
                      C. R. Meixner and F. B. Laun and A. Mennecke and M. Schmidt
                      and K. Huhn and V. Rothhammer and M. Uder and A. Dörfler
                      and A. Nagel$^*$},
      title        = {{D}irect imaging of white matter ultrashort {T}2∗
                      components at 7 tesla.},
      journal      = {Magnetic resonance imaging},
      volume       = {86},
      issn         = {0730-725X},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2021-03166},
      pages        = {107 - 117},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {#LA:E020#},
      abstract     = {To demonstrate direct imaging of the white matter
                      ultrashort T2∗ components at 7 Tesla using inversion
                      recovery (IR)-enhanced ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI. To
                      investigate its characteristics, potentials and limitations,
                      and to establish a clinical protocol.The IR UTE technique
                      suppresses long T2∗ signals within white matter by using
                      adiabatic inversion in combination with dual-echo difference
                      imaging. Artifacts arising at 7 T from long T2∗ scalp fat
                      components were reduced by frequency shifting the IR pulse
                      such that those frequencies were inverted likewise. For 8
                      healthy volunteers, the T2∗ relaxation times of white
                      matter were then quantified. In 20 healthy volunteers, the
                      UTE difference and fraction contrast were evaluated.
                      Finally, in 6 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), the
                      performance of the technique was assessed.A frequency shift
                      of -1.2 ppm of the IR pulse (i.e. towards the fat frequency)
                      provided a good suppression of artifacts. With this, an
                      ultrashort compartment of (68 ± 6) $\%$ with a T2∗ time
                      of (147 ± 58) μs was quantified with a chemical shift of
                      (-3.6 ± 0.5) ppm from water. Within healthy volunteers'
                      white matter, a stable ultrashort T2∗ fraction contrast
                      was calculated. For the MS patients, a significant fraction
                      reduction in the identified lesions as well as in the
                      normal-appearing white matter was observed.The
                      quantification results indicate that the observed ultrashort
                      components arise primarily from myelin tissue. Direct IR UTE
                      imaging of the white matter ultrashort T2∗ components is
                      thus feasible at 7 T with high quantitative inter-subject
                      repeatability and good detection of signal loss in MS.},
      keywords     = {7 tesla, relaxometry (Other) / Multiple sclerosis (Other) /
                      Myelin (Other) / Ultrashort echo time (UTE) (Other) / White
                      matter (Other)},
      cin          = {E020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)E020-20160331},
      pnm          = {315 - Bildgebung und Radioonkologie (POF4-315)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-315},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34906631},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.mri.2021.11.016},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/178161},
}