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@ARTICLE{GhesquiereDierickx:178170,
      author       = {L. Ghesquiere-Dierickx$^*$ and A. Schlechter$^*$ and R.
                      Félix-Bautista$^*$ and T. Gehrke$^*$ and G. Echner$^*$ and
                      L. Kelleter$^*$ and M. Martisikova$^*$},
      title        = {{I}nvestigation of {S}uitable {D}etection {A}ngles for
                      {C}arbon-{I}on {R}adiotherapy {M}onitoring in {D}epth by
                      {M}eans of {S}econdary-{I}on {T}racking.},
      journal      = {Frontiers in oncology},
      volume       = {11},
      issn         = {2234-943X},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Media},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2021-03175},
      pages        = {780221},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {#EA:E040#LA:E040#},
      abstract     = {The dose conformity of carbon-ion beam radiotherapy, which
                      allows the reduction of the dose deposition in healthy
                      tissue and the escalation of the dose to the tumor, is
                      associated with a high sensitivity to anatomical changes
                      during and between treatment irradiations. Thus, the
                      monitoring of inter-fractional anatomical changes is crucial
                      to ensure the dose conformity, to potentially reduce the
                      size of the safety margins around the tumor and ultimately
                      to reduce the irradiation of healthy tissue. To do so,
                      monitoring methods of carbon-ion radiotherapy in depth using
                      secondary-ion tracking are being investigated. In this work,
                      the detection and localization of a small air cavity of 2 mm
                      thickness were investigated at different detection angles of
                      the mini-tracker relative to the beam axis. The experiments
                      were conducted with a PMMA head phantom at the Heidelberg
                      Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT) in Germany. In a clinic-like
                      irradiation of a single field of 3 Gy (RBE), secondary-ion
                      emission profiles were measured by a 2 cm2 mini-tracker
                      composed of two silicon pixel detectors. Two positions of
                      the cavity in the head phantom were studied: in front and in
                      the middle of the tumor volume. The significance of the
                      cavity detection was found to be increased at smaller
                      detection angles, while the accuracy of the cavity
                      localization was improved at larger detection angles.
                      Detection angles of 20° - 30° were found to be a good
                      compromise for accessing both, the detectability and the
                      position of the air cavity along the depth in the head of a
                      patient.},
      keywords     = {Timepix3 (Other) / beam fragmentation (Other) / carbon-ion
                      radiotherapy (Other) / in-vivo treatment monitoring (Other)
                      / inter-fractional anatomical changes (Other) /
                      secondary-ion tracking (Other) / silicon pixel detector
                      (Other)},
      cin          = {E040},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)E040-20160331},
      pnm          = {315 - Bildgebung und Radioonkologie (POF4-315)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-315},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34912718},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC8666547},
      doi          = {10.3389/fonc.2021.780221},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/178170},
}