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@ARTICLE{Hemminki:178362,
      author       = {K. Hemminki$^*$ and A. Försti$^*$ and A. Hemminki and B.
                      Ljungberg and O. Hemminki},
      title        = {{S}urvival in bladder and upper urinary tract cancers in
                      {F}inland and {S}weden through 50 years.},
      journal      = {PLOS ONE},
      volume       = {17},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1932-6203},
      address      = {San Francisco, California, US},
      publisher    = {PLOS},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2022-00012},
      pages        = {e0261124 -},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Survival has improved in bladder cancer but few studies
                      have considered extended periods or covered populations for
                      which medical care is essentially free of charge. We
                      analyzed survival in urothelial cancer (UC, of which vast
                      majority are bladder cancers) in Finland and Sweden over a
                      50-year period (1967-2016) using data from the NORDCAN
                      database. Finland and Sweden are neighboring countries with
                      largely similar health care systems but higher economic
                      resources and health care expenditure in Sweden. We present
                      results on 1- and 5-year relative survival rates, and
                      additionally provide a novel measure, the difference between
                      1- and 5-year relative survival, indicating how well
                      survival was maintained between these two periods. Over the
                      50-year period the median diagnostic age has increased by
                      several years and the incidence in the very old patients has
                      increased vastly. Relative 1- year survival rates increased
                      until early 1990s in both countries, and with minor gains
                      later reaching about $90\%$ in men and $85\%$ in women.
                      Although 5-year survival also developed favorably until
                      early 1990s, subsequent gains were small. Over time, age
                      specific differences in male 1-year survival narrowed but
                      remained wide in 5-year survival. For women, age differences
                      were larger than for men. The limitations of the study were
                      lack of information on treatment and stage. In conclusion,
                      challenges are to improve 5-year survival, to reduce the
                      gender gap and to target specific care to the most common
                      patient group, those of 70 years at diagnosis. The most
                      effective methods to achieve survival gains are to target
                      control of tobacco use, emphasis on early diagnosis with
                      prompt action at hematuria, upfront curative treatment and
                      awareness of high relapse requiring regular cystoscopy
                      follow up.},
      cin          = {C050 / C020 / B062 / HD01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C050-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)B062-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)HD01-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34982793},
      doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0261124},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/178362},
}