000178943 001__ 178943 000178943 005__ 20241220120849.0 000178943 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1002/ijc.33980 000178943 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:35213036 000178943 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0020-7136 000178943 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1097-0215 000178943 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:123798388 000178943 037__ $$aDKFZ-2022-00359 000178943 041__ $$aEnglish 000178943 082__ $$a610 000178943 1001_ $$aHemminki, Kari$$b0 000178943 245__ $$aLong-term incidence and survival trends in cancer of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden with etiological implications related to Thorotrast. 000178943 260__ $$aBognor Regis$$bWiley-Liss$$c2022 000178943 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000178943 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000178943 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1654087521_29 000178943 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000178943 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000178943 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000178943 500__ $$a2022 Jul 15;151(2):200-208 000178943 520__ $$aCancers of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts (called here 'GBC' because gallbladder cancer is the main component) are rare in Europe, including the Nordic countries. Their incidence has varied for unknown reasons and we hypothesize that Thorotrast, a previously used carcinogenic radiographic contrast medium, has contributed to the incidence trends. We obtained incidence and survival data from the NORDCAN database, which includes cancer registry data from Denmark (DK), Finland (FI), Norway (NO) and Sweden (SE), which are globally the oldest national cancer databases, starting from 1943 in DK, 1953 in FI and NO and 1960 in SE, and extending to 2016. The incidence trend for GBC showed a broad maximum around 1980 in men (close to 3/100,000) and women (4/100,000), except for NO, where this phenomenon was not seen. In 1955, FI and NO incidence rates were equal but FI rates peaked and later declined similar to DK and SE rates. By 2010, the incidence was similar in all Nordic countries, for both men and women, at close to 2.0/100,000. Birth cohort analysis showed strong effects for countries other than NO. Relative 1-year survival increased for men from 20% to about 50% and similarly for women although at a 5 percentage points lower level. Survival in NO was better than in other countries in the 1980s. Thorotrast, causing a high risk of GBC, was extensively used in the Nordic countries between 1930 and end of 1940s, with the exception of NO, where these was no documented use. These data suggest that Thorotrast influenced GBC epidemiology and probably worsened survival in certain periods. This article is protected by copyright. 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