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@ARTICLE{Chen:179090,
      author       = {X. Chen$^*$ and M. Hoffmeister$^*$ and H. Brenner$^*$},
      title        = {{R}ed and {P}rocessed {M}eat {I}ntake, {P}olygenic {R}isk
                      {S}core, and {C}olorectal {C}ancer {R}isk.},
      journal      = {Nutrients},
      volume       = {14},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {2072-6643},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2022-00455},
      pages        = {1077},
      year         = {2022},
      note         = {#EA:C070#LA:C070#LA:C120#},
      abstract     = {High red and processed meat intake (RPMI) is an established
                      risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to assess
                      the impact of RPMI on CRC risk according to and in
                      comparison with genetically determined risk, which was
                      quantified by a polygenic risk score (PRS). RPMI and
                      potential confounders (ascertained by questionnaire) and a
                      PRS (based on 140 CRC-related loci) were obtained from 5109
                      CRC cases and 4134 controls in a population-based
                      case-control study. Associations of RPMI with CRC risk
                      across PRS levels were assessed using logistic regression
                      models and compared to effect estimates of PRS using
                      'genetic risk equivalent' (GRE), a novel metric for
                      effective risk communication. RPMI multiple times/week, 1
                      time/day, and >1 time/day was associated with $19\%$ $(95\%$
                      CI $1\%$ to $41\%),$ $41\%$ $(18\%$ to $70\%),$ and $73\%$
                      $(30\%$ to $132\%)$ increased CRC risk, respectively, when
                      compared to RPMI ≤ 1 time/week. Associations were
                      independent of PRS levels (pinteraction = 0.97). The effect
                      of RPMI > 1 time/day was equivalent to the effect of having
                      42 percentiles higher PRS level (GRE 42, $95\%$ CI 20-65).
                      RPMI increases CRC risk regardless of PRS levels. Avoiding
                      RPMI can compensate for a substantial proportion of
                      polygenic risk for CRC.},
      keywords     = {colorectal cancer (Other) / genetic risk equivalent (Other)
                      / polygenic risk score (Other) / red and processed meat
                      (Other)},
      cin          = {C070 / HD01 / C120},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)HD01-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)C120-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:35268052},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC8912739},
      doi          = {10.3390/nu14051077},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/179090},
}