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@ARTICLE{Watts:180416,
      author       = {E. L. Watts and A. Perez-Cornago and G. K. Fensom and K.
                      Smith-Byrne and U. Noor and C. D. Andrews and M. J. Gunter
                      and M. V. Holmes and R. M. Martin and K. K. Tsilidis and D.
                      Albanes and A. Barricarte and H. B. Bueno-de-Mesquita and B.
                      A. Cohn and M. Deschasaux-Tanguy and N. L. Dimou and L.
                      Ferrucci and L. Flicker and N. D. Freedman and G. G. Giles
                      and E. L. Giovannucci and C. A. Haiman and G. J. Hankey and
                      J. M. P. Holly and J. Huang and W.-Y. Huang and L. M.
                      Hurwitz and R. Kaaks$^*$ and T. Kubo and L. Le Marchand and
                      R. J. MacInnis and S. Männistö and E. J. Metter and K.
                      Mikami and L. A. Mucci and A. W. Olsen and K. Ozasa and D.
                      Palli and K. L. Penney and E. A. Platz and M. N. Pollak and
                      M. J. Roobol and C. A. Schaefer and J. M. Schenk and P.
                      Stattin and A. Tamakoshi and E. Thysell and C. J. Tsai and
                      M. Touvier and S. K. Van Den Eeden and E. Weiderpass and S.
                      J. Weinstein and L. R. Wilkens and B. B. Yeap and N. E.
                      Allen and T. J. Key and R. C. Travis and R. A. Eeles and C.
                      A. Haiman and Z. Kote-Jarai and F. R. Schumacher and S.
                      Benlloch and A. A. A. Olama and K. R. Muir and S. I. Berndt
                      and D. V. Conti and F. Wiklund and S. Chanock and Y. Wang
                      and C. M. Tangen and J. Batra and J. A. Clements},
      collaboration = {C. PRACTICAL Consortium},
      title        = {{C}irculating insulin-like growth factors and risks of
                      overall, aggressive and early-onset prostate cancer: a
                      collaborative analysis of 20 prospective studies and
                      {M}endelian randomization analysis.},
      journal      = {International journal of epidemiology},
      volume       = {52},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {0300-5771},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford Univ. Press},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2022-01319},
      pages        = {71-86},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {2023 Feb 8;52(1):71-86},
      abstract     = {Previous studies had limited power to assess the
                      associations of circulating insulin-like growth factors
                      (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) with clinically
                      relevant prostate cancer as a primary endpoint, and the
                      association of genetically predicted IGF-I with aggressive
                      prostate cancer is not known. We aimed to investigate the
                      associations of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3
                      concentrations with overall, aggressive and early-onset
                      prostate cancer.Prospective analysis of biomarkers using the
                      Endogenous Hormones, Nutritional Biomarkers and Prostate
                      Cancer Collaborative Group dataset (up to 20 studies, 17 009
                      prostate cancer cases, including 2332 aggressive cases).
                      Odds ratios (OR) and $95\%$ confidence intervals (CI) for
                      prostate cancer were estimated using conditional logistic
                      regression. For IGF-I, two-sample Mendelian randomization
                      (MR) analysis was undertaken using instruments identified
                      using UK Biobank (158 444 men) and outcome data from
                      PRACTICAL (up to 85 554 cases, including 15 167 aggressive
                      cases). Additionally, we used colocalization to rule out
                      confounding by linkage disequilibrium.In observational
                      analyses, IGF-I was positively associated with risks of
                      overall (OR per 1 SD = 1.09: $95\%$ CI 1.07, 1.11),
                      aggressive (1.09: 1.03, 1.16) and possibly early-onset
                      disease (1.11: 1.00, 1.24); associations were similar in MR
                      analyses (OR per 1 SD = 1.07: 1.00, 1.15; 1.10: 1.01, 1.20;
                      and 1.13; 0.98, 1.30, respectively). Colocalization also
                      indicated a shared signal for IGF-I and prostate cancer
                      (PP4: $99\%).$ Men with higher IGF-II (1.06: 1.02, 1.11) and
                      IGFBP-3 (1.08: 1.04, 1.11) had higher risks of overall
                      prostate cancer, whereas higher IGFBP-1 was associated with
                      a lower risk (0.95: 0.91, 0.99); these associations were
                      attenuated following adjustment for IGF-I.These findings
                      support the role of IGF-I in the development of prostate
                      cancer, including for aggressive disease.},
      keywords     = {Insulin-like growth factor-I (Other) / Mendelian
                      randomization (Other) / aggressive prostate cancer (Other) /
                      international consortia (Other) / prospective analysis
                      (Other) / prostate cancer (Other)},
      cin          = {C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:35726641},
      doi          = {10.1093/ije/dyac124},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/180416},
}