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@ARTICLE{MahamatSaleh:181590,
      author       = {Y. Mahamat-Saleh and M. Al-Rahmoun and G. Severi and R.
                      Ghiasvand and M. B. Veierod and S. Caini and D. Palli and E.
                      Botteri and C. Sacerdote and F. Ricceri and M. Lukic and M.
                      J. Sánchez and V. Pala and R. Tumino and P. Chiodini and P.
                      Amiano and S. Colorado-Yohar and M.-D. Chirlaque and E.
                      Ardanaz and C. Bonet and V. Katzke$^*$ and R. Kaaks$^*$ and
                      M. B. Schulze and K. Overvad and C. C. Dahm and C. S.
                      Antoniussen and A. Tjønneland and C. Kyrø and B.
                      Bueno-de-Mesquita and J. Manjer and M. Jansson and A. Esberg
                      and N. Mori and P. Ferrari and E. Weiderpass and M.-C.
                      Boutron-Ruault and M. Kvaskoff},
      title        = {{B}aseline and lifetime alcohol consumption and risk of
                      skin cancer in the {E}uropean {P}rospective {I}nvestigation
                      into {C}ancer and {N}utrition cohort ({EPIC}).},
      journal      = {International journal of cancer},
      volume       = {152},
      issn         = {0020-7136},
      address      = {Bognor Regis},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Liss},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2022-02093},
      pages        = {348–362},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {2023;152:348–362},
      abstract     = {Experimental evidence suggests that alcohol induces
                      cutaneous carcinogenesis, yet epidemiological studies on the
                      link between alcohol intake and skin cancer have been
                      inconsistent. The European Prospective Investigation into
                      Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) is a prospective cohort
                      initiated in 1992 in 10 European countries. Alcohol intake
                      at baseline and average lifetime alcohol intake were
                      assessed using validated country-specific dietary and
                      lifestyle questionnaires. Hazard ratios (HRs) and $95\%$
                      confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated in Cox models. A
                      total of 14 037 skin cancer cases (melanoma: n = 2457;
                      basal-cell carcinoma (BCC): n = 8711; squamous-cell
                      carcinoma (SCC): n = 1928; unknown: n = 941) were identified
                      among 450 112 participants (average follow-up: 15 years).
                      Baseline alcohol intake was positively associated with SCC
                      (>15 vs 0.1-4.9 g/day: HR = 1.44, $95\%$ CI = 1.17-1.77;
                      Ptrend = .001), BCC (HR = 1.12, $95\%$ CI = 1.01-1.23;
                      Ptrend = .04), and melanoma risks in men (HR = 1.17, $95\%$
                      CI = 0.95-1.44; Ptrend = .17), while associations were more
                      modest in women (SCC: HR = 1.09, $95\%$ CI = 0.90-1.30;
                      Ptrend = .13; BCC: HR = 1.08, $95\%$ CI = 1.00-1.17, Ptrend
                      = .03; melanoma: HR = 0.93, $95\%$ CI = 0.80-1.08, Ptrend =
                      .13). Associations were similar for lifetime alcohol intake,
                      with an attenuated linear trend. Lifetime liquor/spirit
                      intake was positively associated with melanoma (fourth vs
                      first quartile: HR = 1.47, $95\%$ CI = 1.08-1.99; Ptrend =
                      .0009) and BCC risks in men (HR = 1.17, $95\%$ CI =
                      1.04-1.31; Ptrend = .14). Baseline and lifetime intakes of
                      wine were associated with BCC risk (HR = 1.25 in men; HR =
                      1.11-1.12; in women). No statistically significant
                      associations were found between beverage types and SCC risk.
                      Intake of beer was not associated with skin cancer risk. Our
                      study suggests positive relationships between alcohol intake
                      and skin cancer risk, which may have important implications
                      for the primary prevention of skin cancer.},
      keywords     = {alcohol (Other) / cohort studies (Other) / cutaneous
                      melanoma (Other) / epidemiology (Other) / keratinocyte
                      cancers (Other)},
      cin          = {C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:36053839},
      doi          = {10.1002/ijc.34253},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/181590},
}