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@ARTICLE{MaterniakKornas:181839,
      author       = {M. Materniak-Kornas and W. Rożek and J. Rola and Z.
                      Osiński and M. Löchelt$^*$ and J. Kuźmak},
      title        = {{O}ccurrence of {E}quine {F}oamy {V}irus {I}nfection in
                      {H}orses from {P}oland.},
      journal      = {Viruses},
      volume       = {14},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {1999-4915},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2022-02254},
      pages        = {1973},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Equine foamy virus (EFVeca) is a foamy virus of non-primate
                      origin and among the least-studied members of this
                      retroviral subfamily. By sequence comparison, EFVeca shows
                      the highest similarity to bovine foamy virus. In contrast to
                      simian, bovine or feline foamy viruses, knowledge about the
                      epidemiology of EFVeca is still limited. Since preliminary
                      studies suggested EFVeca infections among horses in Poland,
                      we aimed to expand the diagnostics of EFVeca infections by
                      developing specific diagnostic tools and apply them to
                      investigate its prevalence. An ELISA test based on
                      recombinant EFVeca Gag protein was developed for serological
                      investigation, while semi-nested PCR for the detection of
                      EFVeca DNA was established. 248 DNA and serum samples from
                      purebred horses, livestock and saddle horses, Hucul horses
                      and semi-feral Polish primitive horses were analyzed in this
                      study. ELISA was standardized, and cut off value,
                      sensitivity and specificity of the test were calculated
                      using Receiver Operating Characteristic and Bayesian
                      estimation. Based on the calculated cut off, 135 horses were
                      seropositive to EFVeca Gag protein, while EFVeca proviral
                      DNA was detected in 85 animals. The rate of infected
                      individuals varied among the horse groups studied; this is
                      the first report confirming the existence of EFVeca
                      infections in horses from Poland using virus-specific
                      tools.},
      keywords     = {ELISA (Other) / PCR (Other) / diagnostics (Other) / equine
                      foamy virus (Other) / horses (Other) / prevalence (Other)},
      cin          = {F030},
      ddc          = {050},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)F030-20160331},
      pnm          = {316 - Infektionen, Entzündung und Krebs (POF4-316)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-316},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:36146781},
      doi          = {10.3390/v14091973},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/181839},
}