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@ARTICLE{Kolwelter:182408,
      author       = {J. Kolwelter and D. Kannenkeril and P. Linz and S. Jung and
                      A. M. Nagel$^*$ and A. Bosch and C. Ott and P. Bramlage and
                      L. Nöh and M. Schiffer and M. Uder and S. Achenbach and R.
                      E. Schmieder},
      title        = {{T}he {SGLT}2 inhibitor empagliflozin reduces tissue sodium
                      content in patients with chronic heart failure: results from
                      a placebo-controlled randomised trial.},
      journal      = {Clinical research in cardiology},
      volume       = {112},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {0300-5860},
      address      = {Berlin},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2022-02629},
      pages        = {134-144},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {2023 Jan;112(1):134-144},
      abstract     = {Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have
                      cardiovascular protective properties in addition to the
                      metabolic effects and represent a cornerstone of treating
                      patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We hypothesised
                      that empagliflozin reduces tissue sodium content in patients
                      with CHF.In a double-blind, randomised (2:1),
                      placebo-controlled, parallel-group, clinical trial, 74
                      patients with NYHA class II-III CHF and an ejection fraction
                      of $49\%$ or less received empagliflozin 10 mg once daily or
                      placebo for 3 months. In each patient, tissue sodium content
                      of the lower leg was assessed non-invasively by sodium-MRI
                      (23Na-MRI) at baseline, after 1 and 3 months of
                      treatment.After 1 and 3 months treatment with empagliflozin
                      (n = 48), a significant decrease in skin sodium content was
                      observed (1 month: 22.8 ± 6.1 vs. 21.6 ± 6.0 AU, p =
                      0.039; 3 months: 22.9 ± 6.1 vs. 21.6 ± 6.1 AU, p = 0.013),
                      while there was no change in muscle sodium and muscle water
                      content. In direct comparison, the change in skin sodium
                      content between baseline and 3 months was - 1.3 ± 3.5 AU in
                      the empagliflozin group versus 0.6 ± 3.5 AU in the placebo
                      group (p for between-group difference = 0.022). No
                      significant difference regarding change in muscle sodium and
                      in muscle water content was observed after 3 months
                      treatment between the two groups.This trial showed a
                      significant decrease in skin sodium content after 1 and 3
                      months of treatment with empagliflozin. The decrease in skin
                      sodium content may reflect a decrease in subclinical
                      micro-oedema or/and in non-osmotic bound tissue sodium, both
                      reported to impair left ventricular function.NCT03128528 (
                      http://www.gov ).25th April 2017.},
      keywords     = {Chronic heart failure (Other) / Empagliflozin (Other) /
                      Magnetic resonance imaging (Other) / SGLT2 inhibitor (Other)
                      / Sodium (Other) / Tissue sodium content (Other)},
      cin          = {E020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)E020-20160331},
      pnm          = {315 - Bildgebung und Radioonkologie (POF4-315)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-315},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:36289063},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00392-022-02119-7},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/182408},
}