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@ARTICLE{Visvanathan:186561,
      author       = {K. Visvanathan and A. M. Mondul and A. Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
                      and M. Wang and M. H. Gail and S.-S. Yaun and S. J.
                      Weinstein and M. L. McCullough and A. H. Eliassen and N. R.
                      Cook and C. Agnoli and M. Almquist and A. Black and J. E.
                      Buring and C. Chen and Y. Chen and T. Clendenen and L.
                      Dossus and V. Fedirko and G. L. Gierach and E. L.
                      Giovannucci and G. E. Goodman and M. T. Goodman and P.
                      Guénel and G. Hallmans and S. E. Hankinson and R. L. Horst
                      and T. Hou and W.-Y. Huang and M. E. Jones and C. E. Joshu
                      and R. Kaaks$^*$ and V. Krogh and T. Kühn$^*$ and M.
                      Kvaskoff and I.-M. Lee and Y. Mahamat-Saleh and J. Malm and
                      J. Manjer and G. Maskarinec and A. E. Millen and T. K.
                      Mukhtar and M. L. Neuhouser and T. E. Robsahm and M. J.
                      Schoemaker and S. Sieri and M. Sund and A. J. Swerdlow and
                      C. A. Thomson and G. Ursin and J. Wactawski-Wende and Y.
                      Wang and L. R. Wilkens and Y. Wu and E. Zoltick and W. C.
                      Willett and S. A. Smith-Warner and R. G. Ziegler},
      title        = {{C}irculating vitamin {D} and breast cancer risk: an
                      international pooling project of 17 cohorts.},
      journal      = {European journal of epidemiology},
      volume       = {38},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {0393-2990},
      address      = {Dordrecht [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Springer Science + Business Media B.V.},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-00013},
      pages        = {11-29},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {2023 Jan;38(1):11-29},
      abstract     = {Laboratory and animal research support a protective role
                      for vitamin D in breast carcinogenesis, but epidemiologic
                      studies have been inconclusive. To examine comprehensively
                      the relationship of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D
                      [25(OH)D] to subsequent breast cancer incidence, we
                      harmonized and pooled participant-level data from 10 U.S.
                      and 7 European prospective cohorts. Included were 10,484
                      invasive breast cancer cases and 12,953 matched controls.
                      Median age (interdecile range) was 57 (42-68) years at blood
                      collection and 63 (49-75) years at breast cancer diagnosis.
                      Prediagnostic circulating 25(OH)D was either newly measured
                      using a widely accepted immunoassay and laboratory or, if
                      previously measured by the cohort, calibrated to this assay
                      to permit using a common metric. Study-specific relative
                      risks (RRs) for season-standardized 25(OH)D concentrations
                      were estimated by conditional logistic regression and
                      combined by random-effects models. Circulating 25(OH)D
                      increased from a median of 22.6 nmol/L in consortium-wide
                      decile 1 to 93.2 nmol/L in decile 10. Breast cancer risk in
                      each decile was not statistically significantly different
                      from risk in decile 5 in models adjusted for breast cancer
                      risk factors, and no trend was apparent (P-trend = 0.64).
                      Compared to women with sufficient 25(OH)D based on Institute
                      of Medicine guidelines (50- < 62.5 nmol/L), RRs were not
                      statistically significantly different at either low
                      concentrations (< 20 nmol/L, $3\%$ of controls) or high
                      concentrations (100- < 125 nmol/L, $3\%$ of controls; ≥
                      125 nmol/L, $0.7\%$ of controls). RR per 25 nmol/L increase
                      in 25(OH)D was 0.99 $[95\%$ confidence intervaI (CI)
                      0.95-1.03]. Associations remained null across subgroups,
                      including those defined by body mass index, physical
                      activity, latitude, and season of blood collection. Although
                      none of the associations by tumor characteristics reached
                      statistical significance, suggestive inverse associations
                      were seen for distant and triple negative tumors.
                      Circulating 25(OH)D, comparably measured in 17 international
                      cohorts and season-standardized, was not related to
                      subsequent incidence of invasive breast cancer over a broad
                      range in vitamin D status.},
      keywords     = {25-Hydroxyvitamin D (Other) / Biomarker (Other) / Breast
                      cancer (Other) / Calibration (Other) / Pooled analysis
                      (Other) / Prospective cohort study (Other) / Vitamin D
                      (Other)},
      cin          = {C020},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:36593337},
      doi          = {10.1007/s10654-022-00921-1},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/186561},
}