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@ARTICLE{Schumacher:212423,
      author       = {L. Schumacher and R. Slimani and L. Zizmare and J. Ehlers
                      and F. Kleine Borgmann and J. C. Fitzgerald and P.
                      Fallier-Becker and A. Beckmann and A. Grißmer and C. Meier
                      and A. El-Ayoubi and K. Devraj$^*$ and M. Mittelbronn and C.
                      Trautwein and U. Naumann},
      title        = {{TGF}-{B}eta {M}odulates the {I}ntegrity of the {B}lood
                      {B}rain {B}arrier {I}n {V}itro, and {I}s {A}ssociated with
                      {M}etabolic {A}lterations in {P}ericytes.},
      journal      = {Biomedicines},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2227-9059},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-00142},
      pages        = {214},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a selectively permeable
                      boundary that separates the circulating blood from the
                      extracellular fluid of the brain and is an essential
                      component for brain homeostasis. In glioblastoma (GBM), the
                      BBB of peritumoral vessels is often disrupted. Pericytes,
                      being important to maintaining BBB integrity, can be
                      functionally modified by GBM cells which induce
                      proliferation and cell motility via the TGF-β-mediated
                      induction of central epithelial to mesenchymal transition
                      (EMT) factors. We demonstrate that pericytes strengthen the
                      integrity of the BBB in primary endothelial cell/pericyte
                      co-cultures as an in vitro BBB model, using TEER measurement
                      of the barrier integrity. In contrast, this effect was
                      abrogated by TGF-β or conditioned medium from TGF-β
                      secreting GBM cells, leading to the disruption of a so far
                      intact and tight BBB. TGF-β notably changed the metabolic
                      behavior of pericytes, by shutting down the TCA cycle,
                      driving energy generation from oxidative phosphorylation
                      towards glycolysis, and by modulating pathways that are
                      necessary for the biosynthesis of molecules used for
                      proliferation and cell division. Combined metabolomic and
                      transcriptomic analyses further underscored that the
                      observed functional and metabolic changes of TGF-β-treated
                      pericytes are closely connected with their role as important
                      supporting cells during angiogenic processes.},
      keywords     = {blood–brain barrier (Other) / glioblastoma (Other) /
                      metabolomics (Other) / transforming growth factor beta
                      (Other)},
      cin          = {FM01},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)FM01-20160331},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:36672722},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC9855966},
      doi          = {10.3390/biomedicines11010214},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/212423},
}