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@ARTICLE{Fink:212482,
      author       = {M. Fink and S. Pasche and K. Schmidt and M. Tewes and M.
                      Schuler and B. W. Mülley and D. Schadendorf$^*$ and N.
                      Scherbaum and A. Kowalski and E.-M. Skoda and M. Teufel},
      title        = {{N}eurofeedback {T}reatment {A}ffects {A}ffective
                      {S}ymptoms, {B}ut {N}ot {P}erceived {C}ognitive {I}mpairment
                      in {C}ancer {P}atients: {R}esults of an {E}xplorative
                      {R}andomized {C}ontrolled {T}rial.},
      journal      = {Integrative cancer therapies},
      volume       = {22},
      issn         = {1534-7354},
      address      = {Thousand Oaks, Calif.},
      publisher    = {Sage},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-00190},
      pages        = {153473542211499 -},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {EEG biofeedback (NF) is an established therapy to enable
                      individuals to influence their own cognitive-emotional state
                      by addressing changes in brainwaves. Psycho-oncological
                      approaches of NF in cancer patients are rare and effects are
                      hardly studied.The aim of this explorative, randomized
                      controlled trial was to test the effectiveness of an alpha
                      and theta NF training protocol, compared to mindfulness
                      based therapy as an established psycho-oncological
                      treatment.Of initially 62 screened patients, 56 were
                      included (inclusion criteria were cancer independent of
                      tumor stage, age >18 years, German speaking; exclusion
                      criteria suicidal ideation, brain tumor). Randomization and
                      stratification (tumor stage) was conducted by a computer
                      system. Participants got 10 sessions over 5 weeks, in (a) an
                      NF intervention (n = 21; 13 female, 8 male; MAge = 52.95(10
                      519); range = 31 to 73 years)) or (b) a mindfulness group
                      therapy as control condition (CG; n = 21; ie, 15 female, 6
                      male; MAge = 50.33(8708); range = 32 to 67 years)). Outcome
                      parameters included self-reported cognitive impairment (PCI)
                      as primary outcome, and secondary outcomes of emotional
                      distress (DT, PHQ-8, GAD-7), fatigue (MFI-20), rumination
                      (RSQ), quality of life (QoL, EORTC-30 QoL), self-efficacy
                      (GSE), and changes in EEG alpha, and theta-beta band
                      performance in the NF condition.No changes in cognitive
                      impairment were found (P = .079), neither in NF nor CG. High
                      affective distress was evident, with $70.7\%$ showing
                      elevated distress and $34.1\%$ showing severe depressive
                      symptoms. Affective symptoms of distress (P ≤ .01),
                      depression (P ≤ .05) and generalized anxiety (P ≤ .05)
                      decreased significantly over time. No differences between NF
                      and CG were found. There was a significant increase of the
                      alpha band (P ≤ .05; N = 15) over the NF sessions.
                      Self-efficacy predicted QoL increase in NF with P ≤ .001
                      and an explained variance of $48.2\%.This$ is the first
                      study to investigate NF technique with regard to basic
                      mechanisms of effectiveness in a sample of cancer patients,
                      compared to an established psycho-oncological intervention
                      in this field. Though there were no changes in cognitive
                      impairment, present data show that NF improves affective
                      symptoms comparably to mindfulness-based therapy and even
                      more pronounced in QoL and self-efficacy.Trial registration:
                      ID: DRKS00015773.},
      keywords     = {Humans / Male / Female / Adolescent / Neurofeedback /
                      Quality of Life / Affective Symptoms / Cognitive Dysfunction
                      / Neoplasms: psychology / Mindfulness / EEG biofeedback
                      (Other) / alpha band (Other) / anxiety (Other) / cancer
                      (Other) / depression (Other) / distress (Other) /
                      mindfulness (Other) / neurofeedback (Other) / quality of
                      life (Other) / self-efficacy (Other)},
      cin          = {ED01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)ED01-20160331},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:36691908},
      doi          = {10.1177/15347354221149950},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/212482},
}