000267550 001__ 267550 000267550 005__ 20240229154921.0 000267550 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.3390/nu15030794 000267550 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:36771499 000267550 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:142145951 000267550 037__ $$aDKFZ-2023-00328 000267550 041__ $$aEnglish 000267550 082__ $$a610 000267550 1001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)0b48ce513fe49013263657450a12f870$$aBajracharya, Rashmita$$b0$$eFirst author$$udkfz 000267550 245__ $$aEffect of Iso-Caloric Substitution of Animal Protein for Other Macro Nutrients on Risk of Overall, Cardiovascular and Cancer Mortality: Prospective Evaluation in EPIC-Heidelberg Cohort and Systematic Review. 000267550 260__ $$aBasel$$bMDPI$$c2023 000267550 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000267550 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000267550 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1676300792_32050 000267550 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000267550 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000267550 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000267550 500__ $$a#EA:C020#LA:C020# 000267550 520__ $$aEcological studies showed correlations between a shift toward animal-protein-rich diets and longer life-expectancy; however, only a few studies examined individual-level association of protein source and mortality risks using appropriate iso-caloric substitution models adjusted for total energy intake. We used EPIC-Heidelberg (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition) to create iso-caloric substitution models and determined relative all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality hazards associated with dietary intake of animal protein and other macronutrients, employing Cox proportional hazard models. For comparison with other studies, we also synthesized evidence from a systematic review relating animal protein intake to mortality risk from seven prospective cohort studies in the USA, Europe and Japan. Substitution of 3% of total energy from animal protein for fat (saturated, mono-unsaturated) and carbohydrate (simple, complex) was associated with all-cause mortality (Hazard Ratios [HR] from 1.05 to 1.11), mostly driven by cardiovascular mortality (HR from 1.13 to 1.15). Independently of animal protein, substituting poly-unsaturated fat for saturated fat increased cancer-related mortality risk by 12 percent. The systematic review largely corroborated our findings. Overall, higher proportions of dietary energy from animal protein, combined with low energy intake from either carbohydrate sub-types or dietary fats, increases all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risks, but not cancer-related mortality. 000267550 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313$$a313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)$$cPOF4-313$$fPOF IV$$x0 000267550 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, PubMed, , Journals: inrepo02.dkfz.de 000267550 650_7 $$2Other$$aanimal protein 000267550 650_7 $$2Other$$acancer mortality 000267550 650_7 $$2Other$$acardiovascular mortality 000267550 650_7 $$2Other$$amacronutrients 000267550 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)fb68a9386399d72d84f7f34cfc6048b4$$aKatzke, Verena$$b1$$udkfz 000267550 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)ef3f7c40c2c68936a43baab29d559371$$aMukama, Trasias$$b2$$udkfz 000267550 7001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)4b2dc91c9d1ac33a1c0e0777d0c1697a$$aKaaks, Rudolf$$b3$$eLast author$$udkfz 000267550 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2518386-2$$a10.3390/nu15030794$$gVol. 15, no. 3, p. 794 -$$n3$$p794$$tNutrients$$v15$$x2072-6643$$y2023 000267550 909CO $$ooai:inrepo02.dkfz.de:267550$$pVDB 000267550 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-He78)0b48ce513fe49013263657450a12f870$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b0$$kDKFZ 000267550 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-He78)fb68a9386399d72d84f7f34cfc6048b4$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b1$$kDKFZ 000267550 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-He78)ef3f7c40c2c68936a43baab29d559371$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b2$$kDKFZ 000267550 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)2036810-0$$6P:(DE-He78)4b2dc91c9d1ac33a1c0e0777d0c1697a$$aDeutsches Krebsforschungszentrum$$b3$$kDKFZ 000267550 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF4-310$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF4-300$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF4$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bGesundheit$$lKrebsforschung$$vKrebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention$$x0 000267550 9141_ $$y2023 000267550 915__ $$0LIC:(DE-HGF)CCBYNV$$2V:(DE-HGF)$$aCreative Commons Attribution CC BY (No Version)$$bDOAJ$$d2022-08-27T10:32:17Z 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1190$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bBiological Abstracts$$d2022-11-09 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0113$$2StatID$$aWoS$$bScience Citation Index Expanded$$d2022-11-09 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0160$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bEssential Science Indicators$$d2022-11-09 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0561$$2StatID$$aArticle Processing Charges$$d2022-11-09 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0700$$2StatID$$aFees$$d2022-11-09 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0100$$2StatID$$aJCR$$bNUTRIENTS : 2022$$d2023-08-23 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0200$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bSCOPUS$$d2023-08-23 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0300$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bMedline$$d2023-08-23 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0320$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bPubMed Central$$d2023-08-23 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0501$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ Seal$$d2023-04-12T15:01:20Z 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0500$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ$$d2023-04-12T15:01:20Z 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0030$$2StatID$$aPeer Review$$bDOAJ : Anonymous peer review$$d2023-04-12T15:01:20Z 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0199$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bClarivate Analytics Master Journal List$$d2023-08-23 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1050$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bBIOSIS Previews$$d2023-08-23 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0150$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bWeb of Science Core Collection$$d2023-08-23 000267550 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)9905$$2StatID$$aIF >= 5$$bNUTRIENTS : 2022$$d2023-08-23 000267550 9202_ $$0I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331$$kC020$$lC020 Epidemiologie von Krebs$$x0 000267550 9201_ $$0I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331$$kC020$$lC020 Epidemiologie von Krebs$$x0 000267550 9200_ $$0I:(DE-He78)C020-20160331$$kC020$$lC020 Epidemiologie von Krebs$$x0 000267550 980__ $$ajournal 000267550 980__ $$aVDB 000267550 980__ $$aI:(DE-He78)C020-20160331 000267550 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED