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@ARTICLE{Ahmed:274574,
      author       = {A. Ahmed$^*$ and S. Köhler and R. Klotz and N. Giese and
                      T. Hackert and C. Springfeld and D. Jäger$^*$ and N.
                      Halama$^*$},
      title        = {{S}ex {D}ifferences in the {S}ystemic and {L}ocal {I}mmune
                      {R}esponse of {P}ancreatic {C}ancer {P}atients.},
      journal      = {Cancers},
      volume       = {15},
      number       = {6},
      issn         = {2072-6694},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-00651},
      pages        = {1815},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {#EA:D240#LA:D240#},
      abstract     = {Mounting evidence suggests that sex plays a critical role
                      in various aspects of cancer such as immune responses.
                      However, a male bias exists in human and non-human studies
                      including immunotherapy trials. The role of sex on immune
                      responses in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is
                      unclear.Here, tumor tissues (tumor and stroma separately)
                      and corresponding blood samples from patients with PDA (n =
                      52) were systematically analyzed by immunohistochemistry and
                      multiplex cytokine measurements and compared by sex.Females
                      showed a stronger systemic immune response with higher
                      levels of CXCL9, IL1B, IL6, IL10 and IL13. Additionally,
                      more peripheral white blood cells were detected in females.
                      In the microenvironment, males showed higher tumoral levels
                      of CXCL12. No differences were detected in the stroma.
                      Females showed a tendency towards an anti-tumoral immune
                      cell profile. CXCL12 blockade indicated a differential
                      microenvironmental effect by sex in an independent
                      immunotherapy trial cohort of patients with PDA (one female,
                      five males). The overall survival did not differ by sex in
                      our cohort.Systemic and local immune responses differ
                      between sexes in PDA. Accordingly, sex-dependent differences
                      need to be considered in human studies and for specific
                      immunological interventions before clinical translation.},
      keywords     = {CXCL12 (Other) / pancreatic cancer (Other) / pancreatic
                      ductal adenocarcinoma (Other) / sex difference (Other) /
                      tumor immunology (Other)},
      cin          = {D240 / D120},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)D240-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)D120-20160331},
      pnm          = {314 - Immunologie und Krebs (POF4-314)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-314},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:36980700},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC10047039},
      doi          = {10.3390/cancers15061815},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/274574},
}