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@ARTICLE{Hackenbruch:274579,
      author       = {C. Hackenbruch$^*$ and Y. Maringer and C. M. Tegeler$^*$
                      and J. Walz$^*$ and A. Nelde and J. Heitmann$^*$},
      title        = {{E}levated {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2-{S}pecific {A}ntibody {L}evels
                      in {P}atients with {P}ost-{COVID} {S}yndrome.},
      journal      = {Viruses},
      volume       = {15},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1999-4915},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-00656},
      pages        = {701},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {With the routine use of effective severe acute respiratory
                      syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines, the number of
                      life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) courses
                      have largely been reduced. However, multiple COVID-19
                      convalescents, even after asymptomatic to moderate disease,
                      suffer from post-COVID syndrome, with relevant limitations
                      in daily life. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of post-COVID
                      syndrome are still elusive, with dysregulation of the immune
                      system suggested as a central mechanism. Here, we assessed
                      COVID-19 post-infectious symptoms (5-6 months after
                      PCR-confirmed acute infection) together with the humoral
                      immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in non-hospitalized
                      COVID-19 convalescents, early (5-6 weeks) and late (5-6
                      months) after their first positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR result.
                      Convalescents reporting several post-infectious symptoms
                      (>3) showed higher anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid antibody
                      levels 5-6 weeks after PCR-confirmed infection with the
                      latter remained increased 5-6 months after positive PCR.
                      Likewise, a higher post-infectious symptom score was
                      associated with increased antibody levels. Of note,
                      convalescents displaying neuro-psychiatric symptoms such as
                      restlessness, palpitations, irritability, and headache, as
                      well as general symptoms such as fatigue/reduced power had
                      higher SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody levels compared with
                      asymptomatic cases. The increased humoral immune response in
                      convalescents with post-COVID syndrome might be useful for
                      the detection of individuals with an increased risk for
                      post-COVID syndrome.},
      keywords     = {COVID-19 (Other) / SARS-CoV-2 (Other) / humoral immune
                      response (Other) / post-COVID syndrome (Other)},
      cin          = {TU01},
      ddc          = {050},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)TU01-20160331},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:36992410},
      doi          = {10.3390/v15030701},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/274579},
}