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@ARTICLE{Kuznia:275218,
      author       = {S. Kuznia$^*$ and A. Zhu$^*$ and T. Akutsu and J. E. Buring
                      and C. A. Camargo and N. R. Cook and L.-J. Chen$^*$ and T.
                      D. Cheng and S. Hantunen and I.-M. Lee and J. E. Manson and
                      R. E. Neale and R. Scragg and A. H. Shadyab and S. Sha$^*$
                      and J. Sluyter and T.-P. Tuomainen and M. Urashima and J. K.
                      Virtanen and A. Voutilainen and J. Wactawski-Wende and M.
                      Waterhouse and H. Brenner$^*$ and B. Schöttker$^*$},
      title        = {{E}fficacy of vitamin {D}3 supplementation on cancer
                      mortality: systematic review and individual patient data
                      meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.},
      journal      = {Ageing research reviews},
      volume       = {87},
      issn         = {1568-1637},
      address      = {Oxford [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-00676},
      pages        = {101923},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {#EA:C070#LA:C070# / 2023 Jun;87:101923},
      abstract     = {To evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on
                      cancer mortality in the general population and on prognosis
                      in cancer patients, a systematic review and meta-analysis of
                      randomised, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) and individual
                      patient data (IPD) was conducted. Overall, 14 RCTs with a
                      total of 104,727 participants (2,015 cancer deaths) were
                      identified and 7 RCTs, including $90\%$ of all study
                      participants (n=94,068), could be included in the IPD
                      meta-analyses. The main meta-analysis of the 14 RCTs yielded
                      a statistically non-significant reduction in cancer
                      mortality by $6\%$ (risk ratio (RR) $[95\%-confidence$
                      interval $(95\%CI)]:$ 0.94 [0.86-1.02]). Subgroup analyses
                      revealed a $12\%$ lower cancer mortality in the vitamin D3
                      group compared with the placebo group in 10 trials with a
                      daily dosing regimen (RR $[95\%CI]:$ 0.88 [0.78-0.98]),
                      whereas no mortality reduction was seen in 4 trials using a
                      bolus regimen (RR $[95\%CI]:$ 1.07 [0.91-1.24]; p-value for
                      interaction: 0.042). The IPD meta-analysis (RR $[95\%CI]:$
                      0.93 [0.84; 1.02]) confirmed the finding of all trials. The
                      IPD were used to test effect modification by age, sex, body
                      mass index, ethnicity, baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
                      concentration, adherence and cancer-related factors but no
                      statistically significant findings were obtained in
                      meta-analyses of all trials. When restricted to trials with
                      daily dosing in a post-hoc analysis, adults aged ≥70 years
                      (RR $[95\%CI]:$ 0.83 [0.77; 0.98]) and subjects with vitamin
                      D3 therapy initiation before cancer diagnosis (RR
                      $[95\%CI]:$ 0.87 [0.69; 0.99]) appeared to benefit most from
                      daily vitamin D3 supplementation. Measurements of baseline
                      25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and inclusion of other than
                      non-Hispanic White adults were too sparse in the trials to
                      draw conclusions. Results for all-cause and cancer-specific
                      survival of participants with cancer were comparable to
                      those obtained in the general population for cancer
                      mortality. In conclusion, vitamin D3 did not reduce cancer
                      mortality in the main meta-analysis of all RCTs because the
                      observed risk reduction by $6\%$ was not statistically
                      significant. However, a subgroup analysis revealed that
                      vitamin D3 administered daily, in contrast to bolus
                      supplementation, reduced cancer mortality by $12\%.$},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      keywords     = {Vitamin D (Other) / cancer (Other) / individual
                      patient-data (Other) / mortality (Other) / survival (Other)
                      / systematic review (Other)},
      cin          = {C070 / C120 / HD01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)C070-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)C120-20160331 /
                      I:(DE-He78)HD01-20160331},
      pnm          = {313 - Krebsrisikofaktoren und Prävention (POF4-313)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-313},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:37004841},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.arr.2023.101923},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/275218},
}