000275423 001__ 275423 000275423 005__ 20240229154940.0 000275423 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1097/HEP.0000000000000407 000275423 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:37055018 000275423 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0270-9139 000275423 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1527-3350 000275423 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:145743531 000275423 037__ $$aDKFZ-2023-00746 000275423 041__ $$aEnglish 000275423 082__ $$a610 000275423 1001_ $$0P:(DE-He78)95d56cbcb8b1bb5783526d136049e3df$$aDe Angelis Rigotti, Francesca$$b0$$eFirst author 000275423 245__ $$aSemaphorin 3C exacerbates liver fibrosis. 000275423 260__ $$aNew York [u.a.]$$bWiley Interscience$$c2023 000275423 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000275423 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000275423 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1697800767_29654 000275423 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000275423 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000275423 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000275423 500__ $$a#EA:A270#LA:A270# / 2023 Oct 1;78(4):1092-1105 000275423 520__ $$aChronic liver disease is a growing epidemic, leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. TGF-β is the pivotal pro-fibrogenic cytokine which activates hepatic stellate cells (HSC), yet, other molecules can modulate TGF-β signaling during liver fibrosis. Expression of the axon guidance molecules Semaphorins (SEMAs), which signal through Plexins and Neuropilins (NRPs), have been associated with liver fibrosis in HBV-induced chronic hepatitis. This study aims at determining their function in the regulation of HSCs. We analyzed publicly available patient databases and liver biopsies. We employed transgenic mice, in which genes are deleted only in activated HSCs to perform ex vivo analysis and animal models. SEMA3C is the most enriched member of the Semaphorin family in liver samples from cirrhotic patients. Higher expression of SEMA3C in patients with NASH, alcoholic hepatitis or HBV-induced hepatitis discriminates those with a more pro-fibrotic transcriptomic profile. SEMA3C expression is also elevated in different mouse models of liver fibrosis and in isolated HSCs upon activation. In keeping with this, deletion of SEMA3C in activated HSCs reduces myofibroblast marker expression. Conversely, SEMA3C overexpression exacerbates TGF-β-mediated myofibroblast activation, as shown by increased SMAD2 phosphorylation and target gene expression. Among SEMA3C receptors, only NRP2 expression is maintained upon activation of isolated HSCs. Interestingly, lack of NRP2 in those cells reduces myofibroblast marker expression. Finally, deletion of either SEMA3C or NRP2, specifically in activated HSCs, reduces liver fibrosis in mice. 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