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@ARTICLE{Sher:276229,
      author       = {H. Sher and H. Sharif and T. Zaheer and S. A. Khan$^*$ and
                      A. Ali and H. Javed and A. Javed},
      title        = {{E}mploying computational tools to design a multi-epitope
                      vaccine targeting human immunodeficiency virus-1 ({HIV}-1).},
      journal      = {BMC genomics},
      volume       = {24},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1471-2164},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-01038},
      pages        = {276},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Despite being in the 21st century, the world has still not
                      been able to vanquish the global AIDS epidemic, and the only
                      foreseeable solution seems to be a safe and effective
                      vaccine. Unfortunately, vaccine trials so far have returned
                      unfruitful results, possibly due to their inability to
                      induce effective cellular, humoral and innate immune
                      responses. The current study aims to tackle these
                      limitations and propose the desired vaccine utilizing
                      immunoinformatic approaches that have returned promising
                      results in designing vaccines against various rapidly
                      mutating organisms. For this, all polyprotein and protein
                      sequences of HIV-1 were retrieved from the LANL (Los Alamos
                      National Laboratory) database. The consensus sequence was
                      generated after alignment and used to predict epitopes.
                      Conserved, antigenic, non-allergenic, T-cell inducing,
                      B-cell inducing, IFN-ɣ inducing, non-human homologous
                      epitopes were selected and combined to propose two vaccine
                      constructs i.e., HIV-1a (without adjuvant) and HIV-1b (with
                      adjuvant).HIV-1a and HIV-1b were subjected to antigenicity,
                      allergenicity, structural quality analysis, immune
                      simulations, and MD (molecular dynamics) simulations. Both
                      proposed multi-epitope vaccines were found to be antigenic,
                      non-allergenic, stable, and induce cellular, humoral, and
                      innate immune responses. TLR-3 docking and in-silico cloning
                      of both constructs were also performed.Our results indicate
                      HIV-1b to be more promising than HIV-1a; experimental
                      validations can confirm the efficacy and safety of both
                      constructs and in-vivo efficacy in animal models.},
      keywords     = {Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (Other) / Bioinformatics
                      (Other) / Computational biology (Other) / Human
                      immunodeficiency virus (Other) / Immunity (Other) /
                      Immuno-informatics (Other) / Toll like receptor-3 (Other) /
                      Vaccinology (Other)},
      cin          = {HD01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)HD01-20160331},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:37226084},
      doi          = {10.1186/s12864-023-09330-4},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/276229},
}