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@ARTICLE{Hadzibegovic:276882,
      author       = {S. Hadzibegovic and J. Porthun and A. Lena and P.
                      Weinländer and L. C. Lück and S. K. Potthoff and L.
                      Rösnick and A.-K. Fröhlich and L. V. Ramer and F. Sonntag
                      and U. Wilkenshoff and J. Ahn and U. Keller$^*$ and L.
                      Bullinger$^*$ and A. A. Mahabadi and M. Totzeck and T.
                      Rassaf and S. von Haehling and A. J. S. Coats and S. D.
                      Anker and E. J. Roeland and U. Landmesser and M. S. Anker},
      title        = {{H}and grip strength in patients with advanced cancer: {A}
                      prospective study.},
      journal      = {Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle},
      volume       = {14},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {2190-5991},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-01191},
      pages        = {1682-1694},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {2023 Aug;14(4):1682-1694},
      abstract     = {Hand grip strength (HGS) is a widely used functional test
                      for the assessment of strength and functional status in
                      patients with cancer, in particular with cancer cachexia.
                      The aim was to prospectively evaluate the prognostic value
                      of HGS in patients with mostly advanced cancer with and
                      without cachexia and to establish reference values for a
                      European-based population.In this prospective study, 333
                      patients with cancer $(85\%$ stage III/IV) and 65 healthy
                      controls of similar age and sex were enrolled. None of the
                      study participants had significant cardiovascular disease or
                      active infection at baseline. Repetitive HGS assessment was
                      performed using a hand dynamometer to measure the maximal
                      HGS (kilograms). Presence of cancer cachexia was defined
                      when patients had $≥5\%$ weight loss within 6 months or
                      when body mass index was <20.0 kg/m2 with $≥2\%$ weight
                      loss (Fearon's criteria). Cox proportional hazard analyses
                      were performed to assess the relationship of maximal HGS to
                      all-cause mortality and to determine cut-offs for HGS with
                      the best predictive power. We also assessed associations
                      with additional relevant clinical and functional outcome
                      measures at baseline, including anthropometric measures,
                      physical function (Karnofsky Performance Status and Eastern
                      Cooperative of Oncology Group), physical activity (4-m gait
                      speed test and 6-min walk test), patient-reported outcomes
                      (EQ-5D-5L and Visual Analogue Scale appetite/pain) and
                      nutrition status (Mini Nutritional Assessment).The mean age
                      was 60 ± 14 years; 163 $(51\%)$ were female, and 148
                      $(44\%)$ had cachexia at baseline. Patients with cancer
                      showed $18\%$ lower HGS than healthy controls (31.2 ± 11.9
                      vs. 37.9 ± 11.6 kg, P < 0.001). Patients with cancer
                      cachexia had $16\%$ lower HGS than those without cachexia
                      (28.3 ± 10.1 vs. 33.6 ± 12.3 kg, P < 0.001). Patients with
                      cancer were followed for a mean of 17 months (range 6-50),
                      and 182 $(55\%)$ patients died during follow-up (2-year
                      mortality rate $53\%)$ $(95\%$ confidence interval
                      $48-59\%).$ Reduced maximal HGS was associated with
                      increased mortality (per -5 kg; hazard ratio [HR] 1.19;
                      1.10-1.28; P < 0.0001; independently of age, sex, cancer
                      stage, cancer entity and presence of cachexia). HGS was also
                      a predictor of mortality in patients with cachexia (per -5
                      kg; HR 1.20; 1.08-1.33; P = 0.001) and without cachexia (per
                      -5 kg; HR 1.18; 1.04-1.34; P = 0.010). The cut-off for
                      maximal HGS with the best predictive power for poor survival
                      was <25.1 kg for females (sensitivity $54\%,$ specificity
                      $63\%)$ and <40.2 kg for males (sensitivity $69\%,$
                      specificity $68\%).Reduced$ maximal HGS was associated with
                      higher all-cause mortality, reduced overall functional
                      status and decreased physical performance in patients with
                      mostly advanced cancer. Similar results were found for
                      patients with and without cancer cachexia.},
      keywords     = {cachexia (Other) / cancer (Other) / functional assessment
                      (Other) / hand grip strength (Other) / methodology (Other) /
                      prognostication (Other)},
      cin          = {BE01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)BE01-20160331},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:37318103},
      doi          = {10.1002/jcsm.13248},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/276882},
}