%0 Journal Article %A Becker, Jürgen %A Ugurel, Selma %A Leiter, Ulrike %A Meier, Friedegund %A Gutzmer, Ralf %A Haferkamp, Sebastian %A Zimmer, Lisa %A Livingstone, Elisabeth %A Eigentler, Thomas K %A Hauschild, Axel %A Kiecker, Felix %A Hassel, Jessica C %A Mohr, Peter %A Fluck, Michael %A Thomas, Ioannis %A Garzarolli, Marlene %A Grimmelmann, Imke %A Drexler, Konstantin %A Spillner, Alexandra N %A Eckhardt, Sebastian %A Schadendorf, Dirk %T Adjuvant immunotherapy with nivolumab versus observation in completely resected Merkel cell carcinoma (ADMEC-O): disease-free survival results from a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial. %J The lancet %V 402 %N 10404 %@ 0140-6736 %C London [u.a.] %I Elsevier %M DKFZ-2023-01464 %P 798-808 %D 2023 %Z 2023 Sep 2;402(10404):798-808 %X Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an immunogenic but aggressive skin cancer. Even after complete resection and radiation, relapse rates are high. PD-1 and PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors showed clinical benefit in advanced MCC. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition in completely resected MCC (ie, a setting without an established systemic standard-of-care treatment).In this multicentre phase 2 trial, patients (any stage, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-1) at 20 academic medical centres in Germany and the Netherlands with completely resected MCC lesions were randomly assigned 2:1 to receive nivolumab 480 mg every 4 weeks for 1 year, or observation, stratified by stage (American Joint Committee on Cancer stages 1-2 vs stages 3-4), age (<65 vs ≥65 years), and sex. Landmark disease-free survival (DFS) at 12 and 24 months was the primary endpoint, assessed in the intention-to-treat populations. Overall survival and safety were secondary endpoints. This planned interim analysis was triggered when the last-patient-in was followed up for more than 1 year. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02196961) and with the EU Clinical Trials Register (2013-000043-78).Between Oct 1, 2014, and Aug 31, 2020, 179 patients were enrolled (116 [65 %F PUB:(DE-HGF)16 %9 Journal Article %$ pmid:37451295 %R 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00769-9 %U https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/277747