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@ARTICLE{Stenzinger:277754,
      author       = {A. Stenzinger and E. K. Moltzen and E. Winkler and F.
                      Molnar-Gabor and N. Malek and A. Costescu and B. N. Jensen
                      and F. Nowak and C. Pinto and O. P. Ottersen and P.
                      Schirmacher and J. Nordborg and T. Seufferlein and S.
                      Fröhling$^*$ and A. Edsjö and J. Garcia-Foncillas and N.
                      Normanno and B. Lundgren and M. Friedman and N. Bolanos and
                      K. Tatton-Brown and S. Hill and R. Rosenquist},
      title        = {{I}mplementation of precision medicine in healthcare - a
                      {E}uropean perspective.},
      journal      = {Journal of internal medicine},
      volume       = {294},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {0001-6101},
      address      = {Oxford [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {DKFZ-2023-01471},
      pages        = {437-454},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {2023 Oct;294(4):437-454},
      abstract     = {The technical development of high-throughput sequencing
                      technologies and the parallel development of targeted
                      therapies in the last decade have enabled a transition from
                      traditional medicine to personalized treatment and care. In
                      this way, by using comprehensive genomic testing, more
                      effective treatments with fewer side effects are provided to
                      each patient-i.e., precision, or personalized, medicine. In
                      several European countries-such as in England, France and
                      Denmark-the governments have adopted national strategies and
                      taken 'top-down' decisions to invest in national
                      infrastructure for precision medicine. In other
                      countries-such as Sweden and Germany, with regionally
                      organized healthcare systems-the profession has instead
                      taken 'bottom-up' initiatives to build competence networks
                      and infrastructure to enable equal access to precision
                      medicine. In this review, we summarize key learnings at the
                      European level on the implementation process to establish
                      sustainable governance and organization for precision
                      medicine at the regional, national and EU/international
                      levels. We also discuss critical ethical and legal aspects
                      of implementing precision medicine, and the importance of
                      access to real-world data and performing clinical trials for
                      evidence generation, as well as the need for improved
                      reimbursement models, increased cross-disciplinary education
                      and patient involvement. In summary, precision medicine
                      represents a paradigm shift, and modernization of healthcare
                      and all relevant stakeholders-i.e., healthcare, academia,
                      policy makers, industry, and patients-must be involved in
                      this system transformation, to create a sustainable,
                      non-siloed ecosystem for precision healthcare that benefits
                      our patients and society at large. This article is protected
                      by copyright. All rights reserved.},
      subtyp        = {Review Article},
      keywords     = {Precision medicine (Other) / clinical trials (Other) /
                      education and training (Other) / ethicolegal aspects (Other)
                      / governance (Other) / patient advocacy (Other) /
                      personalized medicine (Other) / real-world evidence (Other)},
      cin          = {B340 / HD01},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-He78)B340-20160331 / I:(DE-He78)HD01-20160331},
      pnm          = {312 - Funktionelle und strukturelle Genomforschung
                      (POF4-312)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-312},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:37455247},
      doi          = {10.1111/joim.13698},
      url          = {https://inrepo02.dkfz.de/record/277754},
}